Biometric systems based upon finger vein images have been shown to be vulnerable to presentation attacks. In this supplement, we detail a variety of methods extending local binary patterns (LBP) which can be used to distinguish between fake and real finger vein images in terms of description and implementation / experimentation parameters used.

The aim of this study was to investigate cross-sectional associations between dietary patterns and academic performance among 14-year-old adolescents. Study participants were from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. A food frequency questionnaire was administered when the adolescents were 14 years old, and from the dietary data, a 'Healthy' and a 'Western' dietary pattern wer...

Food consumption patterns are influenced by a number of factors, including social and cultural factors. It is difficult to effect dietary change, and one possible barrier to dietary change is optimistic bias. Research indicates that individuals tend to believe that they are less likely to experience negative events, and more likely to experience positive events than their peers; this phenomenon...

Predicting stock prices is an important objective in the financial world. This paper presents a novel forecasting model for stock markets on the basis of the wrapper ANFIS (Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System)ICA (Imperialist Competitive Algorithm) and technical analysis of Japanese Candlestick. Two approaches of Raw-based and Signal-based are devised to extract the model’s input variables w...

So far there have been limited attempts to model the individual development patterns, however, non invasive measurements techniques, by providing a very detailed view of how people operate, open the door to completely new opportunities for understanding the behavior of developers. This study reports about the analysis of the development process patterns of a limited set of programmers across a ...

Patterns of social mixing are key determinants of epidemic spread. Here we present the results of an internet-based social contact survey completed by a cohort of participants over 9,000 times between July 2009 and March 2010, during the 2009 H1N1v influenza epidemic. We quantify the changes in social contact patterns over time, finding that school children make 40% fewer contacts during holida...

The potential cardiovascular benefits of several trending foods and dietary patterns are still incompletely understood, and nutritional science continues to evolve. However, in the meantime, a number of controversial dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients have received significant media exposure and are mired by hype. This review addresses some of the more popular foods and dietary patterns tha...