Susceptibility to inoculation with Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and virus activity were investigated in soybean callus cultures growing in vitro. Excised hypocotyls of susceptible soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Essex’, were cultured in Msoy medium in the light at 25 °C. Established calluses were inoculated with SMV in vitro by a soak–prick method. In addition, SMV-infected leaves of soybean ‘Le...

Aim. Callus is a risk factor, leading to severe diabetic foot ulcer; thus, prevention of callus formation is important. However, normal stress (pressure) and shear stress associated with callus have not been clarified. Additionally, as new valuables, a shear stress-normal stress (pressure) ratio (SPR) was examined. The purpose was to clarify the external force associated with callus formation i...

Smad3 is an intracellular signaling molecule in the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway that serves as a regulator of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. To investigate the role of the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling in the process of fracture healing, an open fracture was introduced in mouse tibiae, and the histology of the healing process was compared between wild-type (WT) and Smad3-null (KO) mi...

An ultrasonometric and computed-tomographic study of bone healing was undertaken using a model of a transverse mid-shaft osteotomy of sheep tibiae fixed with a semi-flexible external fixator. Fourteen sheep were operated and divided into two groups of seven according to osteotomy type, either regular or by segmental resection. The animals were killed on the 90th postoperative day and the tibiae...

In plants, multiple detached tissues are capable of forming a pluripotent cell mass, termed callus, when cultured on media containing appropriate plant hormones. Recent studies demonstrated that callus resembles the root-tip meristem, even if it is derived from aerial organs. This finding improves our understanding of the regeneration process of plant cells; however, the molecular mechanism tha...

Protein patterns of callus from corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds that are either resistant or susceptible to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda [J.E. Smith]) were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Fall armyworm larvae reared on callus initiated from resistant inbreds were significantly smaller than those reared on callus of susceptible inbreds. A 33-kD protein found in callus from the re...

Our objective is to explore the effects of BMP-2 and IGF-I in promoting fracture healing in diabetic rats. First 30 rats were made into fracture model with diabetes and randomly divided into 2 experimental groups, the rats in group A ́ received insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) combined with fibrin glue and the rats in group B ́ received bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) combined with fibrin glu...

This experiment was performed to optimize the medium for tissue culture of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin. Different tissue culture approaches such as shoot regeneration from seed, callus formation from leaf explants and plant regeneration from callus were investigated in this study. All the explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 20g/l sucrose, 7g/l agar and different plant gro...

Studies were conducted on the effect of amino acids and growth regulators on the production of artemisinin, an antimalarial compound, in the callus of Artemisia absinthium. Callus was initiated on solid MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA from leaf explant. For the production of artemisinin, the callus was proliferated on sterile filter paper bridge in MS medium supplemented with different ...

Through observations of smear materials under a dissecting microscope, it was found that small smooth protuberances were produced in regions showing the dry appearance. Trichomes occurred in the regions showing the green color or the white and green color. There were tracheary elements having thickened wall in the inner part of callus, adjacent to which chloroplasts were observed11>. Scanning e...