SYSTEM R is a variant of the original STRIPS by Fikes and Nilsson (1971) (called forwardchaining, recursive STRIPS in Nilsson [1998]). Briefly speaking, given a conjunction of simple goals, it selects one of them to work on. If there is an action that is executable and will make this simple goal true once executed, then it does this action and then tries to achieve the other simple goals in the...

Peyer' s patches than that in those with low type Peyer' s patches. However, the types of Peyer' s patches were not associated with the extent of disease involvements, clinical activity , degree of inflammation on endoscopy, or concomitant use of medication. This study revealed several interesting points. It revealed the relationship between small bowel morphological findings of Peyer' s patche...

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based personal recognition in realistic contexts is still a matter of research, with the following issues to be clarified: (1) duration signal length, called ‘epoch’, which must very short for practical purposes and (2) contribution EEG sub-bands. These two aspects are connected because shorter epoch’s duration, lower low-frequency sub-bands while enhancing high-fre...

Laplacian filters are widely used in neuroscience. In the context of brain–computer interfacing, they might be preferred to data-driven approaches such as common spatial patterns (CSP) in a variety of scenarios such as, e.g., when no or few user data are available or a calibration session with a multi-channel recording is not possible, which is the case in various applications. In this paper we...

We analyse the role played by two different approaches of spatial heterogeneity in theoretical models of annual plants dynamics. The first approach is called quasi-continuous gradient in which one type of resource is changing gradually along the gradient line. In the second one, called the patches approach, part of the habitat is covered by patches and the resource has a different value in each...