Hypertonic solutions play an important role in the treatment of tissue edema. Following the induction of experimental vasogenic brain edema by occlusion of the common carotid arteries in eight rabbits, the effect of hypertonic lactated Ringer's solution (subjects), vs. isotonic lactated Ringer's solution (control), was studied on blood pressure, electrolyte (sodium, potassium, and calcium) ...

Once the patient's cardiac state has been stabilised gastric lavage should be undertaken and calcium polystyrene sulphonate-for example, Calcium Resoriium 60 g-left in the stomach to reduce further potassium absorption. 1 g of Calcium Resonium can absorb about 1-3 mmol of potassium. Whole-gut lavage4 may also be helpful because slow-release tablets liberate potassium over three hours or longer,...

The endothelium is a highly active organ responsible for vasculatory tone and structure, angiogenesis, as well as hemodynamic, humoral, and inflammatory responses. The endothelium is constantly exposed to blood flow, sheer stress and tension. Endothelial cells are present as a vasculature in every tissue of the body and react to and control its microenvironment. A variety of ion channels are pr...

The alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor (adrenoceptor) was stably expressed in AtT20 mouse pituitary tumor cells; adrenoceptor agonists inhibited adenylyl cyclase, inhibited voltage-dependent calcium currents, and increased inwardly rectifying potassium currents. An aspartic acid residue (Asp79) highly conserved among guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors was mutated to aspa...

Topical solvent treatment removes lipids from the stratum corneum leading to a marked increase in transepidermal water loss (TEWL). This disturbance stimulates a variety of metabolic changes in the epidermis leading to rapid repair of the barrier defect. Using an immersion system we explored the nature of the signal leading to barrier repair in intact mice. Initial experiments using hypotonic t...

Daily tetanic stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals generates an epileptogenic focus in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus, ultimately leading to generalized tonic-clonic convulsions (kindling). Potassium currents were measured under voltage-clamp conditions in pyramidal neurons, acutely dissociated from the focus of fully kindled rats, one day and six weeks after the last generalized seizure. T...

introduction: we investigated the role of atp-sensitive potassium channels and l-type calcium channels in morphine-induced hyperalgesia after nociceptive sensitization. methods: we used a hotplate apparatus to assess pain behavior in male nmri mice. nociceptive sensitization was induced by three days injection of morphine and five days of drug free. on day 9 of the schedule, pain behavior test ...

Introduction Part I . The crop of Aplysia . . . . Technique The action of potassium The potassium : calcium ratio The action of rubidium and caesium The action of lithium The action of ammonium Discussion . Part I I . The crop of Helix Technique . The action of potassium Comparison with vertebrate plain muscle Part I I I . The heart of Mdia . Technique . The action of calcium and sodium The act...

The convenience and accuracy of flame photometric methods for the determination of sodium and potassium in body tissues and fluids suggest the desirability of determining other cations such as calcium and magnesium in the same sample. While reliable procedures for the determination of sodium and potassium have been developed (1, 2), there are apparently no satisfactory flame spectrophotometric ...