the present study was conducted to compare the effect of individual and group pre-task planning on efl learners’ accuracy and complexity in speaking. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 60 intermediate female learners at the first grade of high school were chosen by means of a sample preliminary english test (pet) and randomly divided into two experimental groups of 30 students; the individual...

background: this work investigated the dosimetry limitations of the random and systematic uncertainties of sliding window (sw) intensity modulated radiation therapy (imrt). materials and methods: a varian 21ex linear accelerator, pinnacle3 treatment planning system and radiographic film dosimetry was used. the limitations of the sw were studied using beam modulation ranging from 2 to 100 mu/bea...

the aim of the present study was to investigate whether and by which mechanism; histamine can induce state-dependent retrieval of passive avoidance task. the pre-training or pre-test intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of histamine (20µg/mouse) impaired retrieval, when it was tested 24 h later. in the animals, which retrieval was impaired due to histamine pre-training administration, pre...