It this paper we address the issue of what it means to comply with or violate norms, and we propose a computationally oriented approach to reason about such notions.

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Genetic and environmental factors have been important role in the induction of asthma. It's estimated that asthma affect 2.7 to 35.4% of child (in average 13.4%) in Iran. The aims of this study to assess the costs of asthma patients admitted in Boali hospital in Sari in the north of Iran. Patients and Methods: This descriptive study...

Abstract: So far, too little attention has been paid to total burden of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) in Iran. In present study, we aimed to assess the rate of HAIs, as well as economic burden of hospitalization and antibiotic related cost associated with HAIs at training Taleghani hospital in Iran and to compare our results with NNIS system. This research to date for the first time h...

conclusions the findings of this study indicated that the economic burden of tbis was high in fatal accidents in fars province so that it was equivalent to 0.00011% of iran’s gross domestic product (gdp) in 2013. therefore, more attention has to be paid to the rules to prevent the fatal accidents. results deaths resulting from tbis due to traffic accidents in shiraz imposed 6.2 billion rials (5...

according to importance of cirrhosis of the liver and the lack of information about the economic burden of the disease, we performed this study to estimate the economic burden of liver cirrhosis in iran in 2011.the cost-of-illness method, based on the human capital theory, has been used. both direct and indirect costs have been estimated using a prevalence approach and bottom-up method. the inp...

background: water, sanitation and hygiene have a very important role in public health. poor sanitation is the cause of water contamination, which causes many types of diseases. the aim of this paper was to present the attributable death and disability adjusted life year (dalys) of untreated water and insanitary environments from 1990 to 2010 in iran.   methods: in the global burden of disease 2...

Abstract: So far, too little attention has been paid to total burden of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) in Iran. In present study, we aimed to assess the rate of HAIs, as well as economic burden of hospitalization and antibiotic related cost associated with HAIs at training Taleghani hospital in Iran and to compare our results with NNIS system. This research to date for the first time h...