BACKGROUND Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) are potentially severe diseases. In drug-resistant PV and pemphigus foliaceus, long-term adjuvant treatment with extracorporeal photochemotherapy (photopheresis, ECP) has been reported to induce remission. Only limited numbers of patients have been reported so far. No information about the effectiveness in drug-resistant BP is avail...

Parpose: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study on the conjunctiva is currently the classical diagnostic tool used fo the. diagnosis of autoimmune cicatrizing conjunctivitis, which is characterized by the deposition of immunoglobuliis and/or compleme:nt along the conjunctival basement membrane zone (BMZ). To diagnose the type of autoimmune conjunctivitis, we performed d&t immunoeleclron microsco...

Parpose: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study on the conjunctiva is currently the classical diagnostic tool used fo the. diagnosis of autoimmune cicatrizing conjunctivitis, which is characterized by the deposition of immunoglobuliis and/or compleme:nt along the conjunctival basement membrane zone (BMZ). To diagnose the type of autoimmune conjunctivitis, we performed d&t immunoeleclron microsco...

Scabies is a contagious skin disease that causes extremely itching. It is a parasitic disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei and characterized by polymorphous lesions. Vesicular and bullous lesions in cases of scabies are rather rare. Bullous scabies has a pemphigoid presentation. Crusted scabies, also known as Norwegian scabies, is a rare and severe form of the disease. The large number ...

Skin mast cells (MCs), a resident immune cell type with broad regulatory capacity, play an important role in sensing danger signals as well as in the control of the local immune response. It is conceivable to expect that skin MCs regulate autoimmune response and are thus involved in autoimmune diseases in the skin, e.g., autoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBD). Therefore, exploring the role of MCs...

1.1 The concept of immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing disease Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) is the rarest subclass of IgG, which is numbered 1 through 4 in the order of their discovery and serum concentration, and normally constitutes only 3 to 6% of the total IgG fraction (Oxelius, 2008). IgG4 antibody has unique structural and functional properties, and the production of IgG4 appears to be drive...

are the frequently reported side effects, adverse cutaneous reactions are extremely rare. There are a few reports of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by faropenem and meropenem. However, bullous skin eruptions have not been reported, yet the various types of bullous drug reactions are bullous fixed drug reactions (FDRs), Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, ...

Autoimmune blistering skin diseases develop separation either between epidermal keratinocytes or dermo-epidermal junction. Recent studies have revealed that the autoantigens for these diseases are components of either the desmosome, the cell adhesion junction between keratinocytes, or the hemidesmosome complex, cell adhesion machinery at the dermo-epidermal junction. Thus, the major pemphigus a...

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder of the skin first described in 1953. A decade later, antibodies were described targeting the cutaneous basement membrane zone. The association of Bullous pemphigoid with malignancy is debatable1 but reported in many case reports.2-6 We report a 79 year old male with cholangiocarcinoma that presented with bullous pemphigoid as a parane...

Basophils are rare immune cells, accounting for 0-2% of peripheral blood leukocytes, and known to be involved in defense against parasitic infections allergic diseases. Recent studies have revealed their pathogenic role autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus via type 2 cytokine production supporting plasma cells. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an blistering disease caused by IgG a...