this study was performed to determine the effect of copper on growth performance, blood metabolites and claw health in young holstein bulls in a humid area in north of iran. one hundred and two young holstein bulls (initial body weight= 377.3±17.1 kg) were randomly allocated to two treatments in a completely randomized design for 56 days. the treatment groups received: (1) the basal diet of no ...

We give an O(n) algorithm to find a minimum clique cover of a (bull, C4)-free graph, or equivalently, a minimum colouring of a (bull, 2K2)-free graph, where n is the number of vertices of the graphs.

approved: Redacted for privacy Philip D. Whanger Following initial intramuscular injections of 500 pCi 75 Se, semen was collected periodically by electroejaculation over a 63 day period from a selenium-deficient and a selenium-adequate ram. Ten and three days prior to necropsy, second and third injections of 500 11Ci were given. Testes, accessory glands, and semen were obtained from a bull inje...

BACKGROUND Despite accelerated global population declines due to targeted and illegal fishing pressure for many top-level shark species, the impacts of coastal habitat modification have been largely overlooked. We present the first direct comparison of the use of natural versus artificial habitats for the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, an IUCN 'Near-threatened' species--one of the few truly e...

As an attempt to find an inexpensive and simple laboratory method for artificial insemination (AI) bull semen quality assessment, the osmotic resistance of spermatozoa was measured using the hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test, developed by Jeyendran et al. (1984) (labelled HOS-1), and its modifications (HOS-2, HOS-3), with decreased osmotic pressure aimed at challenging sperm survival ability. The...

ANGUSJournal n September 2011 Breeder question No. 1 Which is more important when doing a bull BSE, measuring a bull’s scrotal circumference or evaluating the semen that he produces? Response: Scrotal measurements and semen characteristics are both important! This is proven by the change made in the Society for Theriogenology’s breeding soundness exam in 1992. The exam was changed from a numeri...

The Northern kelp crab (Pugettia producta) and the graceful kelp crab (Pugettia gracilis) are common primary consumers in bull kelp beds near the San Juan Islands (Salish Sea, NE Pacific). In this system, urchins (often considered the most voracious herbivores exerting top-down control on kelp beds) tend to remain sedentary because of the high availability of detrital macroalgae, but the extent...