Causal broadcast is a communication abstraction built on top of point-to-point send/receive networks that ensures any two messages whose broadcasts are causally related (as captured by Lamport's “happened before” relation) delivered in their sending order. Several causal algorithms have been designed for failure-free and crash-prone asynchronous message-passing systems. This article first gives...

A non-empty set X of a carrier A of an algebra A is called Q-independent if the equality of two term functions f and g of the algebra A on any finite system of elements a1, a2, . . . , an of X implies f(p(a1), p(a2), . . . , p(an)) = g(p(a1), p(a2), . . . , p(an)) for any mapping p ∈ Q. An algebra B is a retract of A if B is the image of a retraction (i.e. of an idempotent endomorphism of B). W...

purpose: popular tv series and sitcoms have received different reactions from people of different   classes. the present study was conducted to measure the positive and negative attitudes of   psychologists, psychiatrists, chronic psychiatric patients and ordinary healthy viewers toward an   iranian tv series entitled ‘the physicians’ building’ whose main character was a psychologist.   materia...

abstract- annual medicago species (medicago spp.) are native to the mediterranean region and widely used in fields and pastures in iran. there are several methods of sowing annual medicago species, each with different effects on the performance. however, there is currently no sufficient information about the appropriate methods for sowing medicago species. in order to evaluate methods of sowing...

-------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------------The broadcast operation, as a fundamental service in mobile adhoc networks (MANETs), is prone to the broadcast storm problem if forwarding nodes are not carefully designated. The objective of reducing broadcast redundancy while providing high delivery ratio und...

A well-known technique for broadcast program construction is the Broadcast Disks technique. However, in the Broadcast Disks approach there are some important disadvantages. For example some parts of the broadcast program remain empty during the construction procedure and the disk relative frequencies have to be selected very carefully. This paper gives a new approach of the broadcast program co...