introduction agricultural research is important and one of the determinant factors of development of technologies in agricultural sector. among agricultural research disciplines, breeding programs, especially, wheat breeding programs are one of the applied approaches in improving of production and food security. based on a study by byerlee & traxler (1995), economic benefits and internal rate o...

Using DNA markers in plant breeding with marker-assisted selection (MAS) could greatly improve the precision and efficiency of selection, leading to the accelerated development of new crop varieties. The numerous examples of MAS in rice have prompted many breeding institutes to establish molecular breeding labs. The last decade has produced an enormous amount of genomics research in rice, inclu...

Statistics for weaner production over the last few years in Germany clearly show a continuous decline in the use of purebreds and an increase in the use of crossbred piglets. Most of the crossbred piglets (about 60 percent) are produced by breeding companies. About 20 different breeding companies are established in Germany. Besides these breeding companies the former pedigree breeders have also...

A Mexican hexaploid wild potato species, Solanum demissum (dms), was only used as a female in previous breeding programs. The resulting clones with dms cytoplasm produced abundant, but non-functional pollen. A 170 bp DNA fragment, named Band 1, was originally detected in the F(1) hybrid between dms and S. tuberosum. In this study, the sequenced region was extended to 1,032 bp; nevertheless, it ...

Tree breeding is basically aimed at producing quality products like seeds and clones and the most valuable contribution of molecular markers in breeding programs would be to reduce the time of selection or to reduce the number of breeding cycles. This can be achieved either by the early identification of superior progeny or by the identification of parents that will yield superior progeny. The ...

Genomic selection (GS) is the use of statistical methods to estimate the genetic merit of a genotyped animal based on prediction equations derived from large ancestral populations with both phenotypes and genotypes. It has revolutionized the dairy cattle breeding industry and has been implemented with varying degrees of success in other animal breeding programs, including swine, poultry, and be...

The goal of many forest tree breeding programs is to increase the quantity and quality of wood products from plantations. Due to their outcrossing breeding systems, long generation times and relatively short history of domestication, breeding populations of most forest trees closely resemble the wild state. Consequently, vast stores of genetic variation are available for selection. Because wood...

Molecular marker assisted selection (MAS) has been touted as a means to improve the efficiency and speed of plant selection programs. The most widespread use of MAS to date is to assist backcrossing of major genes into already proven, elite cultivars. Markers can aid selection for target alleles that are not easily assayed in individual plants, minimize linkage drag around the target gene, and ...

Estimation of genetic diversity is an important factor in germplasm conservation and characterization. In rice breeding programs, genetic diversity information on specific regions of genome can be very useful for the application of marker assisted selection (MAS) and for gene mapping. A total of 152 rice lines were considered for breeding programs using microsatellites (SSR) technique. The tota...