Many CSPs can be effectively represented and efficiently solved using matrix models, in which the matrices may have symmetry between their rows and/or columns. Eliminating all such symmetry can be very costly as there are in general exponentially many symmetries. Cost-effective methods have been proposed to break much of the symmetry, if not all. In this paper, we continue with this line of res...

Salicylic acid has been used to treat various skin disorders for more than 2,000 years. The ability of salicylic acid to exfoliate the stratum corneum makes it a good agent for peeling. In particular, the comedolytic property of salicylic acid makes it a useful peeling agent for patients with acne. Once considered as a keratolytic agent, the role of salicylic acid as a desmolytic agent, because...

We present a comprehensive study of the use of value precedence constraints to break value symmetry. We first give a simple encoding of value precedence into ternary constraints that is both efficient and effective at breaking symmetry. We then extend value precedence to deal with a number of generalizations like wreath value and partial interchangeability. We also show that value precedence is...

Dipyridamole (DIP) is a well-known pharmaceutical drug used as a coronary vasodilator and anti-platelet agent in clinics for treating several cardiovascular diseases. Primarily, the therapeutic effects of the drug are attributed to its antioxidant potency. In this research, we aim to declare the unknown antioxidant mechanism of DIP as well as its potent chain-breaking antioxidant activity in po...

Covering arrays have been studied for their applications to drug screening and software and hardware testing. In this paper, we model the problem as a constraint program. Our proposed models exploit non-binary (global) constraints, redundant modelling, channelling constraints, and symmetry breaking constraints. Our initial experiments show that with our best integrated model, we are able to eit...

pollution of water and soils by heavy metals is an emerging problem in industrialized countries.the present study was conducted to investigate the heavy metals concentration in water and sedimentsamples from ship breaking sites of sitakunda to assess the potential ecological risk posed by heavy metalusing different methods. heavy metals concentration was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrosco...

in this paper, a formal model for antivirus update agent system is presented based on mobile agent technology and predicate/transition petri nets. the mobile agent system contains two mobile agents called dca and una. it sends out agents to update antivirus on client computers in a network. each agent takes on a specified responsibility. first, dca roams through the network and check the last d...

Complete row and column symmetry breaking in constraint models using the lex leader method is generally prohibitively costly. Double lex, which is derived from lex leader, is commonly used in practice as an incomplete symmetrybreaking method for row and column symmetries. Double lex is based on a rowwise canonical variable ordering. However, this choice is arbitrary. We investigate other canoni...

breaking waves have ability to transport large quantities of sediment and significant impact on coastal structures morphology. hence, modeling of wave breaking is an important subject in coastal and marine engineering. in this research, the periodic wave breaking process on a plane slope is studied experimentally and numerically. laboratory experiments were conducted to record water surface ele...