Congenital malformations affect approximately 2-3% of all live births every year (Whiteman et al, 1994; Atlas et al, 1985). Congenital brain anomalies, whether they are isolated (single) or part of syndromes, are a common cause of medical intervention, long-term illness, and death. The neonatologist or perinatologist often is the first person to identify necessary evaluations and management and...

Mariana López, 18, is 6 months pregnant with her first child. A routine screening ultrasound at 20 weeks demonstrated a constellation of severe fetal defects, including a structural brain anomaly, multiple heart defects, and an abdominal wall defect. Concerned about a possible genetic syndrome, Ms López’s obstetrician, Dr Sarah Wilson, scheduled an amniocentesis, which confirmed trisomy 13 (Pat...

Background: Developmental venous anomaly (DVA), previously known as “venous angioma”, is the most common cerebral vascular malformation, but hemispheric DVA is extremely rare. Case presentation: In this article we present a 21-year-old female with a large DVA draining the whole left hemisphere, combined with a vein of Galen varix and falcine sinus. To our knowledge, only 4 cases of hemispheric ...

In this study, 115 samples taken from the stream sediments were analyzed for concentrations of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, W, Zn, Au, Ba, Fe, Mn, Sr, Ti, U, V and Zr. In order to outline mineralization-derived stream sediments, various mapping techniques including fuzzy factor score, geochemical halos and fractal model were used. Based on these models, concentrations of Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ba, Fe, Mn, ...

background: several studies have assessed the correlation of fetal choroid plexus cyst (cpc) and the risk of congenital anomalies, but few ones have discussed isolated cpc (with no other abnormal sonographic finding). objective: the aim of this study was to determine the outcome of isolated fetal choroid plexus cyst and to specify its clinical significance. materials and methods: this cross sec...

Joubert syndrome is a rare disease characterised by clinical and radiological findings. Among the classic clinical findings of JS are hypotonia, ataxia, mental-motor retardation, respiratory and opthalmological findings. The paediatric cases included in the study comprised nine patients. There was familial consanguinty in seven cases. Clinically, all cases had mental-motor retardation and hypot...

Encephalocele is a rare lesion, being an embryological mesodermal anomaly which results in a defect in the cranium and dura, associated with herniation of meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, or brain tissues through a defect usually covered by scalp. Surgical management of children with giant occipital encephalocele requires careful attention to pediatric anesthetic and surgical principles. We prese...

The Chiari I malformation is a congenital anomaly of unknown origin consisting of caudal displacement of the cerebellar tonsils protruding through the foramen magnum, whereas the brainstem and fourth ventricle remain in the cranial vault. We present a case of a sudden brain death of a 20-year-old adult man with trauma who subsequently was found to have a previously undiagnosed Chiari I malforma...

Recently, Derman et al. (1968) reported their studies on electroencephaloSraphic abnormalities in patients with paroxysmal tachycardia and their ifatment with anti-epileptic drugs. They included in their report similar servations made by other workers (Subbotnik et al. 1955, Ringel and Kali^0v, 1964 and Pasini et al. 1967). Their work shows that patients suffering ?m paroxysmal tachycardia, wit...