greater levels of complexity in tunnelling with tunnel boring machine (tbm) allow higher chances of failures that may increase the potential hazardous risks. this paper presents the results of a study on tbm reliability using risk analysis. machinery failure mode and effect analysis was applied to analyze the risks of a tbm using qs9000 and sae.j1739 recommendations. for this purpose, 48 failur...

Graph is a universal model in big data era and finds its wide applications in a variety of real world tasks. The recent emergence of big graphs, especially those with billion nodes, poses great challenges for the effective management or mining of these big graphs. In general, a distributed computing paradigm is necessary to overcome the billion-node graph challenges. In this article, we elabora...

Kurzban et al. argue that the experiences of "effort," "boredom," and "fatigue" are indications that the costs of a task outweigh its benefits. Reducing the costs of tasks to "opportunity costs" has the effect of rendering tasks costless and of denying that they can be inherently boring or tedious, something that "vigilance tasks" were intentionally designed to be.