BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a serious global health problem for the future, that is why improving diagnostic methods and prevention of this disease could be helpful. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of calcium supplementations combined with Vitamin D on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in a representative sample of peri- and post-menopausal women in a double-blind, a r...

Introduction: Numerous factors are considered to determine human bone quality. Particularly, volumetrically evaluated bone mineral density (DXABMD) as well as the mechanical properties of bone samples serve to assess fracture risks. However, the differentiation and degree of mineral content and/or morphology effects on bone toughness remained to a large extent unanswered due to large measuring ...

During the last decade a greater appreciation has developed for determining factors that influence bone accretion in healthy children. Nutritional factors that may contribute to bone accretion in infants and toddlers include maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, type of infant feeding, calcium and phosphorus content of infant formula, introduction of weaning foods, and diet during the t...

The mineral content of bone can be determined by measuring the absorption by bone of a monochromatic, low-energy photon beam which originates in a radioactive source (iodine-125 at 27.3 kev or americium 241 at 59.6 kev). The intensity of the beam transmitted by the bone is measured by counting with a scintillation detector. Since the photon source and detector are well collimated, errors result...

BACKGROUND The bone mineral content of premature infants at term is lower than in mature infants at the same postconceptional age. Serum alkaline phosphatase and serum phosphate are often used as indicators of bone mineralisation. OBJECTIVE To analyse the association between bone mineral content and serum alkaline phosphatase and serum phosphate. METHODS Serum alkaline phosphatase and phosp...

Objectives Alcohol consumption induces oxidative stress on bone, which in turn increases the risk of osteoporosis. This study determined the effects of vitamin E on bone strength and bone mineral content in alcohol-induced osteoporotic rats. Materials and Methods Three months old Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (I) control group; (II) alcohol (3g/kg) + normal sal...

Daily subcutaneous administration of bovine parathyroid hormone (PTH)(1-34) stimulates bone formation and increases bone mass in rat tibiae, femora and lumbar spine. However, the effects of PTH on the whole body bone mineral content and density determined by dual energy x-ray absortiometry (DEXA) have not been previously reported in rats. Eighteen-month-old intact female rats were subcutaneousl...

OBJECTIVE To describe bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in children and adolescents infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and to compare them with data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (NHANES IV). METHOD The study included 48 children and adolescents (7 to 17 years old) infected with HIV through vertical transmission. BMC an...

CONTEXT Whether a child with low bone mineral density (BMD) at one point in time will continue to have low BMD, despite continued growth and maturation, is important clinically. The stability of a characteristic during growth is referred to as "tracking." OBJECTIVE We examined the degree of tracking in bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD during childhood and adolescence and investigated whethe...

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women suppresses the increase in bone resorption expected as circulating levels of endogenous estrogen decline. We tested the hypothesis that bone lead content might remain elevated in women on HRT. Fifty six women who at recruitment were on average 35 years postmenopausal were placed on calcium supplementation. Six months later 33 of these wo...