We assessed whether wearing wide-heeled shoes has a similar effect on knee torque to narrow-heeled shoes by measuring the joint torques of 20 healthy women during walking. Wearing wide-heeled shoes had a 30% greater effect on peak external knee flexor torque than walking barefoot. Walking with wide-heeled and narrow-heeled shoes increased peak knee varus torque by 26% and 22%, respectively. Our...

Introduction: It has been suggested that collagen provides the ductility in bone [1], but the relationship between the failure properties of intact bone and isolated bone collagen has not been investigated. Such a relationship could have substantial clinical implications since ductility, which decreases with age [2-4], affects the ability of bone to deform rather than fracture under severe load...

Pilot data from eye-tracking research suggest that each male participant has his own gaze pattern, usefully regarded as an individual difference, when viewing female targets whom they are rating for attractiveness. Gaze patterns appear to be consistent within a given male participant across a variety of target models, and these individual differences may override characteristics of the model in...

The aim of this study was to establish the skin temperature (Tsk) thermal profile for the Brazilian population and to compare the differences between female and male Brazilian adults. A total of 117 female and 103 male were examined with a thermographic camera. The Tsk of 24 body regions of interest (ROI) were recorded and analyzed. Male Tsk results were compared to female and 10 ROI were evalu...

The incidence of recruit injuries during basic training in the Irish Army is, to date undocumented. In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of 415 recruits are examined. The lower limb predominated as the anatomical site of the majority of injuries. The overall incidence of male 'first time' injuries was 56.96 per 1000 man-week training. The corresponding female figure was 99.26...

In many sensory modalities, afferent processing is dynamically modulated by attention and this modulation produces altered sensory experiences. Attention is able to alter perceived pain, but the mechanisms involved in this modulation have not been elucidated. To determine whether attention alters spatial integration of nociceptive information, subjects were recruited to evaluate pain from pairs...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine the roughness of the surface of human skin at highly sun-exposed anatomical sites in a wide age range in order to derive consequences for sunscreen application. METHODS The forehead, cheek, nose, shoulder, and dorsal hand of 4 age groups (0-9, 20-39, 40-59, and >60 years) were investigated by replica formation, and areal topography was determined by confocal chrom...

OBJECTIVE This study of Department of Defense (DoD) civilian employees Workers' Compensation (WC) claims for chargeback year 2000 through 2012 aimed to analyze the frequency, rates, and costs of WC claims representing 5% of the DoD annual personnel budget. METHODS A multiyear cross-sectional study of WC claims data identified the top five most frequent causes, natures, and anatomical sites; c...

results in less uncertainty about the value of the study. For interpreting physicians, economies of time can be achieved by limiting the scan to a single body region, which is consistent with practice guidelines. Decreased patient radiation exposure will also increase acceptance of the technology. Nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists must educate referring physicians about the utilizati...

It is not easy to understand why this work was written. It contains nothing that is new, either in pathology or treatment, and much that is controversial or erroneous, or antiquated in both. The author in the preface gives, as reasons for the writing of the book, the elucidation of the following points: 1. Cancer is a local disease. 2. There are several varieties of cancer, distinguishable by t...