BACKGROUND Despite pressures to change the role of hospital boards, hospitals have made few changes in board composition or director selection criteria. Hospital boards have often continued to operate in their traditional roles as either "monitors" or "advisors." More attention to the direct involvement of hospital boards in the strategic decision-making process of the organizations they serve,...

Landesärztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz (“LÄK-RLP”), the State Medical Association of Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany serves as the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for clinical research at Klinikum Ludwigshafen, where Dr. Joachim Boldt’s recent research was conducted. On February 25, 2011, LÄK-RLP provided the involved journals with the results of their evaluation of the status of IRB approval for research...

The efforts of some institutional review boards (IRBs) to exercise what is viewed as appropriate oversight may contribute to deceit on the part of investigators who feel unjustly treated. An organizational justice paradigm provides a useful context for exploring why certain IRB behaviors may lead investigators to believe that they have not received fair treatment. These feelings may, in turn, l...

The paper aims to make new insight some of the contradicting findings in prior studies board structure–firm performance relationship and assess this connection specific context Chinese listed agricultural companies practice. study investigates data from 2008 2017, using multiple regression authors examine between characteristic financial performance. Conducted by empirical analysis shows that C...

[This corrects the article on p. 192 in vol. 33, PMID: 29159167.].