A crossmatch test between patient and donor’s blood must be carried out before transfusion. However, not all crossmatched will transfused to the patient. This indicates inappropriate distribution of products, wastage, inaccessibility for emergency patients, increased costs, workload staff. Crossmatch Transfusion Ratio (C/T Ratio) is used as an indicator determine efficiency use can serve a guid...

ing " hospitals, but four were small hospitals with fewer than 30 recruits a year. It would be interesting to know how these four had reached this enviable level of student morale. The interesting part about the hospitals with " high " wastage rates was that the students who went to them after attaining high levels in the school-leaving certificate were less successful than would have been expe...

Building energy management (BEM) system can provide cost-effective energy management solutions for smart buildings. However, the success of BEM is contingent on identifying large energy consuming devices, monitoring energy usage, optimal scheduling of flexible appliances, and distinguishing and controlling energy wastage. To this end, this paper discusses the design of Internet of Things (IoT) ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Anesthetic drugs and material wastage are common in operation rooms (ORs). In this era of escalating health-care expenditure, cost reduction strategies are highly relevant. The aim of this study was to assess the amount of daily intravenous anesthetic drug wastage from major ORs and to estimate its financial burden. Any preventive measures to minimize drug wastage are ...

Ungulate grazing and trampling strongly affect pastures and ecosystems throughout the world. Ecological population models are used for studying these systems and determining the guidelines for sustainable and economically viable management. However, the effect of trampling and other resource wastage is either not taken into account or quantified with data in earlier models. Also, the ability of...

1. The total food and drink available for human consumption in the United Kingdom would provide approximately 13 MJ (3100 kcal)/person per d, while the energy intake recommended for the population is approximately 9.6 MJ (2300 kcal)/person per d. A proportion of this substantial difference must be due to wastage in the home as well as in catering establishments and during the storage, distribut...