Botulinum toxin inhibits acetylcholine release and therefore could cause mydriasis. We report a case of acute angle-closure glaucoma which occurred shortly after a series of injections of botulinum toxin round the eyelids for blepharospasm.

Even though conventional botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) products have shown successful treatment results in patients with benign blepharospasm (BEB), the main, potential long-term side effect of BoNT use is the development of immunologic resistance due to the production of neutralizing antibody to the neurotoxin after repeated injections. Xeomin(®) (incobotulinumtoxinA), a unique botulinum neuroto...

Essential blepharospasm is a focal distonia characterized by involuntary, spasmodic, bilateral contractions of eyelid protractors. This is a rare disease, which diagnosis is frequently late and symptoms may progress until functional blindness. In this article, we perform a review and describe the most important features of the disease, including historical aspects, epidemiology, etiology, clini...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of keratitis. The current study was done to evaluate the therapeutic effects of antibacterial combinations with Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and Ciprofloxacin in experimental Pseudomonas keratitis. Sixty four New Zealand rabbits were prepared. All rabbits were randomly categorized into eight groups (each group containing eight rabbits): C...

OBJECTIVE To compare clinical rating scales of blepharospasm severity with involuntary eye closures measured automatically from patient videos with contemporary facial expression software. METHODS We evaluated video recordings of a standardized clinical examination from 50 patients with blepharospasm in the Dystonia Coalition's Natural History and Biorepository study. Eye closures were measur...

Objective:To compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with blepharospasm who were treated with OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) and AbobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®). Methods: A total of 100 eyes of 78 patients who were diagnosed with blepharospasm were evaluated during a retrospective, randomized, parallel group study. The severity of spasm, eyelid closing force, and functional vis...