A total of 398 specimens of 14 cyprinid species were examined for the presence of renal sphaerospores and Sphaerospora blood stages (C blood protozoa). Sphaerospora infection of the kidney was demonstrated in 122 fish of 12 species, and blood stages were found in the blood of 30 fish of 6 species. Blood stages only occurred in f.ish infected by renal sphaerospores and were primarily demonstrabl...

Experiments were conducted to assess the pathogenicity of 2 'atypical' Aerornonas salmon~cida strains solated from ulcerated flounders Platichthys flesus for this species, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, roach Rutilus rutilus, and bleak Alburnus alburnus. The pathogenicity of the strains was evaluated by 3 challenge methods: intraperitonea] (i-p.) injection, subdermal (S d . ) injection, and...

Anthony Downs* has observed that our most intractable public problems have two significant characteristics. First, they occur to a relative minority of our population (even though that minority may number millions of people). Second, they result in significant part from arrangements that are providing substantial benefits or advantages to a majority or to a powerful minority of citizens. Thus s...

There is more to bees than honey: wild ensure efficient pollination of most flowering plants and food crops. Yet a recent study counting the number species recorded worldwide every year suggests bleak picture, finding steep reduction in years. Although changes how we record could overstate these results, such strong decline bee diversity should trigger some alarms. - submission by Eduardo E. Za...