Twenty eight patients with classical irritable bowel syndrome completed a double blind placebo controlled crossover trial in which they added to their normal diet a daily supplement of either 12 bran biscuits (1 = 1.3 g fibre) or 12 placebo biscuits (1 = 0.23 g fibre). Each biscuit was given for three months in random order with crossover to the alternative biscuit at three months. After the in...

This paper introduces and analyzes chimerical conditionals, a class of conditionals that are ambiguous between so called ‘biscuit’ and hypothetical conditional readings. First, an analysis of the biscuit / hypothetical distinction is developed which draws on the pragmatic account of Franke (2009) and pins the distinction on the presence of a special kind of pragmatic presupposition, where what ...

The agro-industrial sludge, tested in this work, comes from a biscuit factory (France). Initially, it contains 3 % w/w of dry matter. The actual treatment by centrifugation dewaters it to 13 % w/w of dry matter. Electroosmotic dewatering under pressure (EOD) was investigated, as an alternative technology of mechanical treatment, to improve dewatering. This electrical treatment efficiency depend...

In this article, glaze with different colorants was applied to tile specimens manufactured by incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) and clay. Improvements using different amounts of colorants, and glaze components and concentrations on tile bodies were investigated. Four different proportions of clay (by weight ratio) were replaced by ISSA. Tiles of size 12 cm x 6 cm x 1 cm were made and left in...

This research deals with heat and mass transfer in biscuit industrial baking ovens. In these ovens, heat reaches biscuits indirectly by radiation, convection and conduction. The method for numerical solution is that we first provide the related equations, then they are discretized by finite difference method (FDM), and finally, after encoding and writing a program for the computer, we run it. T...

BACKGROUND The presence of distracting stimuli during eating increases the meal size and could thereby contribute to overeating and obesity. However, the effects of within-meal distraction on later food intake are less clear. OBJECTIVE We sought to test the hypothesis that distraction inhibits memory encoding for a meal, which, in turn, increases later food intake. DESIGN The current study ...

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are well-known for engagement in challenging behaviors. Unfortunately, due to its absence as a criterion for diagnosis in the DSM-IV-TR, little attention has been paid to the endorsement rates of such behaviors. However, a recently developed measure to assist in the diagnosis of infants and toddlers with autism and PDD-NOS – the Baby and Infant Scr...

The acha (Digitaria exile staff) grain was washed (tap water), sun dried, milled and sieved (400mn sieve aperture) to produce acha flour. The beniseed(Sesamum indicum) seeds were sorted, washed, sun dried, milled, defatted (using ethanol), dried and sieved (400mn sieve aperture) to produce beniseed flour. The defatted beniseed flour was substituted into the acha flour at 0-20% to produce benise...

An in-depth chemical-analytical study has been performed on biscuit and mortar from 17th-18th century tiles from a mediaeval hermitage in the province of Valencia (Spain). Representative samples were chosen from the tile fragments available, using appearance, essentially color and consistency, as the criterion. The chemical composition was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence of the samples in the fo...