BACKGROUND Neonatal encephalopathy following birth asphyxia is a major predictor of long-term neurological impairment. Therapeutic hypothermia is currently the standard of care to prevent brain injury in asphyxiated newborns but is not protective in all cases. More robust and versatile treatment options are needed. Angiogenesis is a demonstrated therapeutic target in adult stroke. However, no s...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) as a rescue therapy in catecholamine-refractory septic and non-septic shock in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with acute renal injury. METHODS Prospective assessment of AVP therapy in three ELBW infants with catecholamine-refractory septic shock and acute renal injury (mean birth weight 600 ...

A 41-year-old woman with a history of birth injury to the brachial plexus suffered several delayed episodes of neurological deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed a syrinx extending from the conus medullaris into the brainstem and rostrally into both internal capsules. She died of an acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure. Autopsy demonstrated syringomyelia and sy...

Cerebellar injury is increasingly recognized through advanced neonatal brain imaging as a complication of premature birth. Survivors of preterm birth demonstrate a constellation of long-term neurodevelopmental deficits, many of which are potentially referable to cerebellar injury, including impaired motor functions such as fine motor incoordination, impaired motor sequencing and also cognitive,...

Obstetric brachial plexus palsy is a devastating birth injury. While many children recover spontaneously, 20-25% are left with a permanent impairment of the affected limb. So far, concepts of pathology and recovery have focused on the injury of the peripheral nerve. Proximal nerve injury at birth, however, leads to massive injury-induced motoneuron loss in corresponding motoneuron pools and the...

BACKGROUND Implantation remains a limiting step in IVF/ICSI. Endometrial injury isa promising procedure aiming at improving the implantation and pregnancy rates after IVF/ICSI. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endometrial injury induced in precedingcycle on IVF/ICSI outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred patients undergoing their first IVF/ICSI cycle in two...

OBJECTIVE To describe temporal changes in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure (SBP, DBP, and MBP, respectively) in term and preterm infants immediately after birth. METHODS Prospective observational two-center study. In term infants SBP, DBP, and MBP were assessed non-invasively every minute for the first 15 minutes, and in preterm infants every minute for the first 15 minutes, as we...

BACKGROUND A proportion of neonatal deaths from asphyxia have been shown to be associated with pre-existing brain injury. OBJECTIVES (a) To compare the epidemiology of infants displaying signs of birth asphyxia with those not showing signs; (b) to examine the neuropathology and determine if possible the timing of brain insult comparing asphyxiated with non-asphyxiated infants; (c) to compare ...

The mortality and morbidity of newborns with low birth-weight are considerably higher than in newborns with normal body-weight. The incidence of perinatal death and injury is highest in the low birth-weight group. In countries with low prematurity rates perinatal mortality is in most cases correspondingly low, e. g. Sweden and the Netherlands. Hence the most pressing task of obstetrical and per...

Myocardial injury in mammals leads to heart failure through pathological cardiac remodelling that includes hypertrophy, fibrosis and ventricular dilatation. Central to this is inability of the mammalian cardiomyocyte to self-renew due to entering a quiescent state after birth. Modulation of the cardiomyocyte cell-cycle after injury is therefore a target mechanism to limit damage and potentiate ...