The "light" signal from the environment sets the circadian clock to regulate multiple physiological processes for optimal rhythmic growth and development. One such process is the control of flowering time by photoperiod perception in plants. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the flowering time is determined by the correct interconnection of light input and signal output by the circadian cl...

In a distributed system, it is often important to detect the causal relationships between events, where event e 1 is causally before event e 2 if e 1 happened before e 2 and could possibly have aaected the occurrence of e 2. In this paper we argue that detecting causal relationships among events can be important for security, in the sense that it may be essential to the correct implementation o...

recent data showed that phenylpropanoid compound, methylchavicol is essential component of iranian cultivars of basil. studying their occurrence during development of plant may help to elucidate the role of phenylpropanoids in plant cell physiology. we followed the phenylpropanoids concentration and the expression of genes related to their biosynthesis during growth and development of two culti...

Variation in species' responses to abiotic phenological cues under climate change may cause changes in temporal overlap among interacting taxa, with potential demographic consequences. Here, we examine associations between the abiotic environment and plant-pollinator phenological synchrony using a long-term syrphid fly-flowering phenology dataset (1992-2011). Degree-days above freezing, precipi...

The superiority of hybrids has long been exploited in agriculture, and although many models explaining "heterosis" have been put forth, direct empirical support is limited. Particularly elusive have been cases of heterozygosity for single gene mutations causing heterosis under a genetic model known as overdominance. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), plants carrying mutations in SINGLE FLOWER TR...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bolting, the first visible sign of reproductive transition in beets (Beta vulgaris), is controlled by the dominant bolting gene B (B allele), which allows for flowering under long days (LDs, >14 h light) without prior vernalization. The B-locus carries recessive alleles (bb) in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. spp. vulgaris), so that vernalization and LDs are required for boltin...

the flowering phase of apple trees is the most critical step in relation with low temperatures and frost events. therefore, forecasting the time of flowering is important. if a model can predict the exact time of flowering, it would be feasible to care for flowers agianst late spring freezing (lsf). in this study, we evaluated three temperature-base chilling models namely: chilling hours (ch), ...

flowering and fruit production of ‘nagami’ kumquat is somewhat different from other citrus species because usually have three flowering peak in a year which can lead to producing fruits with different quality on a tree. considering the proper effect of paclobutrazol on raising citrus flowering, a pot experiment with three levels of paclobutrazol (zero, 0.1 and 0.5 g ai per tree) and six replica...

Recent data showed that phenylpropanoid compound, methylchavicol is essential component of Iranian cultivars of basil. Studying their occurrence during development of plant may help to elucidate the role of phenylpropanoids in plant cell physiology. We followed the phenylpropanoids concentration and the expression of genes related to their biosynthesis during growth and development of two culti...

to study the effect of water deficit and plant density on yield and yield components of cumin (cuminum cyminum), an experiment was conducted during the 2002 - 2003 growing season at research farm of zabol university. in this study, the effects of plant density (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 plants per m²) and water stress (before flowering, flowering, seed filling and seed hardening vs adequate irr...