abu al-al?’ al-ma’arri has presented his specific thought and viewpoint in arabic classical literature. he lived at the time when arabic literature was at its zenith of richness and maturity. this literary and thinking figure has affected the literary men after him in differing ways. contemporary poets, relying on his literature, have promoted their own literary innovations, and thereby have en...

One of the stylistic features of Hafez’s sonnets is the repetition of a part of the meaning of the first line in the second line. His knowledge of the rhetorical and semantic relations of vocabularies enabled him to repeat the meaning with the least verbal repetition. One of the ways that has helped him to achieve this goal is replicating the concepts in two parts of the couplet based on rhetor...

Text generation is a foundational task in natural language processing, forming the core of a diverse set of practical applications ranging from image captioning and text summarization to question answering. However, most of this work has focused on generating prose. We investigate whether deep learning systems can be used to synthesize poetry, in particular Shakespearean-styled works. Previous ...

exaggeration is a rhetoric picture which is often used to arrange the speech and to attract the audience. in exaggeration, the poet, shows his meanings by the use of two methods, to make the subject greater or smaller, and in fact he develops his speech by the use of these rhetorical devices and emphatics in order to make the meaning more understandable. most rhetoricians, as they introduce the...

This study discussed; Semantic fields in the lights of Al-salmi’s “Anwar Al Uqol”. The problem lies development semantics, breadth its interests, multiplicity mechanisms and diversity discussions, until it has become an approach that deals with texts through analysis, to probe depths decipher closures. Therefore, researchers differed semantics terms their view meaning, this difference resulted ...

  In this paper, presenting two simple methods for ranking of efficient DMUs in DEA models that included to add one virtual DMU as ideal DMU and is using the additive model. Note that, we use an ideal point just for comparing efficient DMUs with. Although these methods are simple, they have ability for ranking all efficient DMUs, extreme points and the others, also they are capable of ranking t...