As discussed in the previous chapter, electrification is the most viable way to achieve clean and efficient transportation that is crucial to the sustainable development of the whole world. In the near future, electric vehicles (EVs) including hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and pure battery electric vehicles (BEVs) will dominate the clean vehicle mark...

Electric Vehicles (EVs) require energy storage system that can address its fast changing load requirements such as sudden acceleration or quick regenerative braking by being able to supply or absorb high power as demanded. Lead Acid Batteries, commonly used in cheaper EVs (like electric tempo in Nepal), can properly supply these variable loads and get recharged but this mode of operation drasti...

The increased activity in the field of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) have led to an increase in standardization work, performed by both world-wide organizations like the IEC or the ISO, as by regional and national bodies such as CEN, CENELEC, SAE or JEVA. The issues of these standards cover several topics: safety, performance and operational/dimension issu...

Electric road systems (ERS)—infrastructure that allows for charging while driving—are currently considered in Sweden electrifying long-haul trucking. The technology can also charge battery electric passenger vehicles (BEVs). This study utilizes real-world car movement data and detailed spatial analysis to explore what extent ERS could displace stationary if it is available BEVs the expected ben...

Thermal management of batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is essential for effective operation in all climates. This has been recognized in the design of battery modules and packs for pre-production prototype or production EVs and HEVs. Designs are evolving and various issues are being addressed. There are trade-offs between performance, functionality, volum...

Battery chargers are essential components for further development of plug-in vehicles including electric or hybrid electric vehicles. The 3.3kW battery charges are widely used in plug-in vehicles in which the power source is the single phase ac grid. The auto industry has stringent requirements on the size, efficiency, temperature and packaging of the onboard chargers that are reviewed in this ...

Modern automobiles are entirely controlled by electronic circuits and programs which undoubtedly exposes them to the threat of cyberattacks. Alongside, there is a potential for massive growth in electric vehicle (EV) adoption. The cyber vulnerabilities are magnified with electric vehicles because of the unique and critical risks that entail most EV batteries. EV battery packs provide ‘limited d...

In a laboratory environment, it is cost prohibitive to run automotive battery aging experiments across a wide range of possible ambient environment, drive cycle, and charging scenarios. Because worst-case scenarios drive the conservative sizing of electric-drive vehicle batteries, it is useful to understand how and why those scenarios arise and what design or control actions might be taken to m...

Current electric vehicles (EV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCEV) suffer from several limitations that prevent them from becoming a true commercial success. When available, kilowatt class LENR generators combined with modern thermoelectric conversion technology could enable designing new type of automobiles, being low cost, maintenance free and zero emission at the same time. In the present talk, we...

Electric vehicles using lithium-ion battery pack(s) for propulsion have recently attracted a great deal of interest. The large-scale practical application of battery electric vehicles may not be realized unless lithium-ion batteries with self-charging suppliers will be developed. Solar cells offer an attractive option for directly photo-charging lithium-ion batteries. Here we demonstrate the us...