Non homogeneous particle distribution is one of the greatest problems in casting Metal Matrix Composites (MMC's). To optimize some of the parameters for uniform particle distribution for batch compocasting the present simulation studies were conducted. The simulation involves visualisation experiments. In the visualisation experiments liquid and semi solid aluminium are replaced by other fluids...

This study presented the performance of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process using a new developed hybrid airlift reactor which integrated the activated sludge reaction process in the airlift reactor and the sludge settling separation process in the clarifier. The proposed reactor was started up successfully after 76 days within which the COD and total nitrogen removal r...

Colloidal elemental selenium (Se(0)) adversely affects membrane separation processes and aquatic ecosystems. As a solution to this problem, we investigated for the first time the removal potential of Se(0) by electrocoagulation process. Colloidal Se(0) was produced by a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens and showed limited gravitational settling. Therefore, iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) sacrificia...

In this study, the effect of sludge retention time (SRT) on oxic-settling-anoxic (OSA) process was determined using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) attached to external aerobic/anoxic reactors. The SRT of the external reactors was varied from 10 to 40d. Increasing SRT from 10 to 20d enhanced volatile solids destruction in the external anoxic reactor as evidenced by the release of nutrients, ho...

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the ability of four root canal sealers against the more resistive Enterococcus faecalis. E faecalis is a common pathogen which is a causative agent of oral cavities. The bacteriostatic effect was studied against the test organism with AH plus, Endorez, Metaplex and Grossmans sealer in 96 well titre plate. After different settling time (20 min...

The granulation of nitrifying sludge in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with NH(4)(+)-N-laden inorganic wastewater was investigated. After 120-day operation spherical and elliptical granules with an average diameter of 0.32 mm were observed. The hydrophobicity surface, settling velocity and specific gravity of the matured granules increased with the processing of sludge granulation. Spatia...

Aerobic granules were cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). COD and ammonia nitrogen removal rate were 94% and 99%, respectively. The diameter, settling velocity and SVI10 of granules ranged from 2 to 5 mm, 80 to 110 m/h and about 40 mL/g, respectively. Freezing microtome images, DO concentration profiles by microelectrode, distribution of bacteria and EPS by confocal laser scanning m...

A laboratory study of the Cannibal process was undertaken to determine if the Cannibal system would generate less sludge compared with a conventional activated sludge system. Side-by-side sequencing batch reactors were operated--one using the Cannibal configuration and the other as conventional activated sludge. It was found that the Cannibal process generated 60% less solids than the conventio...

Recovery of cellulose fibres from paper mill effluent has been studied using common polysaccharides or biopolymers such as Guar gum, Xanthan gum and Locust bean gum as flocculent. Guar gum is commonly used in sizing paper and routinely used in paper making. The results have been compared with the performance of alum, which is a common coagulant and a key ingredient of the paper industry. Guar g...

An advanced regression scheme is proposed to analyze fine leak batch testing data of multiple MEMS packages. The scheme employs the forward-stepwise regression method to infer the information of leaky packages from a batch test data. The analysis predicts the number of leaky packages and the true leak rate of each leaky package in a progressive manner. The scheme is implemented successfully usi...