Competition for seeds has a major influence on the evolution of granivores and the plants on which they rely. The complexity of interactions and coevolutionary relationships vary across forest types. The introduction of non-native granivores has considerable potential to alter seed dispersal dynamics. Non-native species are a major cause of endangerment for native species, but the mechanisms ar...

red mud (rm), a waste tailing from alumina production, (as an important environmental problem), can be used as a strong absorbent pollutant. in this study, the modified red mud (mrm) and pillared clay (pilc) were used for the removal of arsenate from water. the modified red mud (mrm) and pilc complex were characterized using xrd, sem and xrf microanalysis. the adsorption of arsenate on modified...

Introduction: Since some dyes and their metabolites have toxicity and carcinogenicity potential, and are dangerous to the health of different living creatures, discharge of untreated wastewaters containing large concentrations of dye compounds into water resources is one of the important environmental problems. Therefore, in this research, the efficiency of chemical coagulation process was inve...

Basic Violet 14, Direct Red 28 and Acid Red 26 are classified as carcinogenic dyes in the European textile ecology standard, despite insufficient toxicity data. In this study, the toxicity of these dyes was assessed in a zebrafish model, and the underlying toxic mechanisms were investigated. Basic Violet 14 and Direct Red 28 showed acute toxicity with a LC50 value at 60.63 and 476.84 µg ml(-1) ...

Combination of the dithiol N,N'-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)isophthalamide, abbreviated as BDTH2 and as 1, with excess H2SeO3 in aqueous acidic (pH ≈ 1) conditions resulted in precipitation of BDT(S-Se-S) (6), with a (77)Se NMR chemical shift of δ = 675 ppm, and oxidized BDT. When the reaction is conducted under basic conditions Se(IV) is reduced to red Se(0) and oxidized 1. No reaction takes place bet...

Cadmium and lead are highly toxic metals. People are exposed to them primarily through food and water. Available conventional methods (precipitation, flocculation, ion exchange, and membrane filtration) for removal of these metals from water at low concentrations are claimed to be expensive and inefficient. Different microbes have been proposed to be an efficient and economical alternative in h...