We propose a new voting scheme, BeleniosRF, that offers both strong receipt-freeness and end-to-end verifiability. It is strongly receipt-free in the sense that even dishonest voters cannot prove how they voted. We give a game-based definition capturing this property, inspired by and improving the original receipt-freeness definition by Benaloh and Tuinstra. Built upon the Helios protocol, Bele...

The practice of mindfulness is increasingly being integrated into Western clinical practice within the context of psychotherapy and stress management. Although it is based in ancient Buddhist philosophy, there remains confusion about the definition, antecedents, processes, and outcomes of mindfulness practice. This article reviews the literature on mindfulness, with a focus upon a clearer defin...

In computer assisted diagnostics nowadays, high-value 3-D visualization intake a supporting role to the traditional 2-D slice wise visualization. 3-D visualization may create intuitive visual appearances of the spatial relations of anatomical structures, based upon transfer functions mapping data values to visual parameters, e.g. color or opacity. Manual definition of these transfer functions h...

What is Cloud Computing? There are three general ways to define it. An operational definition of cloud computing is: “utility computing.” A descriptive definition for cloud computing is: “service-based” or “resourcebased” computing. A practical definition is simply: “pay as you go” computing (Armbrust et al., 2009). All of these descriptions of cloud are correct, and they reflect the two main i...

structural repetitive subsequences are most important portion of biological sequences, which play crucial roles on corresponding sequence’s fold and functionality. biggest class of the repetitive subsequences is “transposable elements” which has its own sub-classes upon contexts’ structures. many researches have been performed to criticality determine the structure and function of repetitive su...

We investigate the self-organising behaviour of Digital Ecosystems, because a primary motivation for our research is to exploit the selforganising properties of biological ecosystems. We extended a definition for the complexity, grounded in the biological sciences, providing a measure of the information in an organisms genome. Next, we extended a definition for the stability, originating from t...

We examine the calculation of the critical temperature T c for the restoration of a spontaneously broken symmetry. Motivated by a set of recently developed gauge dependence identities, we give a gauge and parameterization independent definition of this temperature in terms of the physical mass of the scalar particle as determined by the propagator pole. As an explicit illustration, we consider ...

Kit Chunyu Feng Zhiwei Abstract: This paper reviews the history and theoretical background for the traditional definition of term and recognize its positive role in previous terminology work such as terminology standardization. Based on available evidence from real text data, however, we point out the limitations of this definition and propose an ontology-based definition as a call for the deve...

Most definitions of literature have been criterial definitions, definitions based on a list of criteria which all literary works must meet. However, more current theories of meaning take the view that definitions are based on prototypes: there is broad agreement about good examples that meet all of the prototypical characteristics, and other examples are related to the prototypes by family rese...