To investigate the role of nuclear receptor coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-interacting protein (PRIP) in mammary gland development, we generated a conditional null mutation of PRIP in mammary glands. In PRIP-deficient mammary glands, the elongation of ducts during puberty was not affected, but the numbers of ductal branches were decreased, a condition that persisted long...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the light and electron microscopic structure of the tongue in White-eared bulbul (Pycnonotus leucotis). Six adult White-eared bulbul (3 males and 3 females) in Shahrekord district were used in the investigation. Samples of the apex, body and root of the tongue were prepared routinely for light and electron microscopic study. Results showed that th...

The objective of this study was to review the literature on sperm transport in the mare. During this process the sperm cells must reach the oviducts in order to fertilize the oocyte, but before reaching this site it must go through the uterus that is a hostile environment at this moment since there is an inflammatory reaction in this location that aims to eliminate excess spermatozoa and bacter...

Objective: Detection and evaluation of adrenal glands are complex problems in conventional ultrasonography in dogs. Using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography (US) in adrenal gland volume evaluation can add new potential for further adrenal studies. Design: Descriptive study Animals: a total of 10 mix breed dogs Procedures: The dogs underwent two dimensional (2D) and 3D US of the adrenal g...

salivary gland tumors are rare in children and, when they do arise, they mainly affect the major salivary glands. minor salivary gland tumors are rare in children and are responsible for less than 10% of the cases. pleomorphic adenoma is the most common tumor of the salivary glands. the most common sites of pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary glands are the palates, followed by the lips a...

In at least four closely related families of the diverse harvestmen lineage Gonyleptoidea, males may possess sexually dimorphic tarsal glands in the swollen tarsomeres of the basitarsus and/or metatarsus of leg I. The first histological and ultrastructural examination of the sexually dimorphic tarsal glands in leg I focused only on Manaosbiidae. In this study, we examine the morphology and ultr...

Abstract Many amphibian species possess male-specific secretory breeding glands. In anurans, such specialized glands are often present as nuptial pads at the first digit of hand, which pressed against female during amplexus. However, role pad secretions remains largely unknown. Here, we investigate inner morphology well RNA expression patterns several Central American Lithobates (Ranidae). As s...