Abstract James Baldwin’s autobiographical essay “Equal in Paris” is a perceptive and often amusing account of the American writer’s first visit to Paris. An aspiring novelist who left America rage over his experience country’s injustice contempt toward Black Americans, Baldwin acutely aware racial prejudice majority white societies. He tells staying dilapidated hotel, being wrongly accused thef...

An inductive learning algorithm takes a set of data as input and generates a hypothesis as output. A set of data is typically consistent with an infinite number of hypotheses; therefore, there must be factors other than the data that determine the output of the learning algorithm. In machine learning, these other factors are called the bias of the learner. Classical learning algorithms have a f...