Rabies is a fatal viral disease affecting warm-blooded mammals (bats, carnivores, and ruminants) even humans. The virus usually transmitted between humans or other animals through the bite of infected animals. However, there are unusual ways to share virus, such as organ transplants. has been known in ancient world since about 2300 BC. Dogs were commonly leading carriers disease. There strange ...

Hadith scholars in Sham have distinctive characteristics compared to others, such as Makkah, Kufah, or Egypt. This is inseparable from the historical background behind spread of hadith this region and war conflicts, which impact stagnation recording hadith, developing rapidly. The main objective study reveal madrasa Sham. method used qualitative, documents are described then analyzed, either by...

The article reveals information from Chinese, Arabic and Persian sources on the historical geography of ancient medieval settlements in Syr Darya, Talas Semirechye areas. It also reports introduction this into academic circulation, as well scientists’ judgments regarding these sources. Thus, covers official written included Twenty-four Histories, travel notes such travellers Xuánzàng, Jiǎ Dān, ...


 This article presents two short but complete treatises on legal theory (us?u?l al-fiqh). The first was written by Ibn Surayj (d. 306/918) as an addendum to his compendium Sha?fi?i? law, al-Wada??i?, and the second Abu? Bakr al-Khaffa?f (fl. early fourth/tenth century), who included it introduction text al-Aqsa?m wa-l-khis?a?l. An analysis of these texts reveals existence a self-conscious...

The fall of the caliphate proclaimed in June 2014 by Abu Bakr al Baghdadi from Great Mosque Mosul has brought with it return to Europe thousands foreign terrorist fighters, many them accompanied women and children. And, this sense, Spain not been an exception. There is no doubt that, within subjects who have returned other countries West, there a significant number do so considering their exper...

This article is dedicated to the life and scientific legacy of Muhammad ibn Ahmad Abu Bakr Sarakhsi, who lived worked in 11th century. It describes Sarakhsi’s services as a lawyer. Sarakhsi made great contribution development Islamic law was first world establish doctrine international law. His works cover all sensitive aspects such creation norms, methodology understanding law, theoretical pra...