this study seeks to examine how teachers’ educational background (those who have educated in tefl in comparison to those who have educated in literature) may influence their beliefs and attitudes on language learning, teaching and the teaching methods they apply in their classes. on a general basis, depending on teachers’ opinion, learning process might be seen as behavioristic, inductive, inte...

In light of the Bakhtinian heteroglossia and authorial hybrid construction, the present study sets out to argue how the assimilation of alien stylistics into the realm of social and ideological discourse may transcend the limits of the centralizing logos prevalent in the orthodox poetics. In so doing, first, an analysis of the Bakhtinian concepts is provided to renegotiate his argument on the a...

this study investigated the effect of reciprocal teaching (rt) on efl learners’ reading comprehension. fifty intermediate learners participated in the study and were sampled as the experimental (n = 25) and control groups (n = 25). participants were male and ranged in age from 15 to 16. the reading section of key english test (ket, 2010) was used as the pretest to assess the participants’ entry...

the present study attempted to introduce shared reading as one of the most effective techniques in cultivating the learners’ reading and writing abilities. to this end, 50 homogenous students were assigned to the control and experimental groups following the administration of a standardized english proficiency test. thenceforth, based on writing and reading pretest scores of the learners on a g...

this study seeks to examine how teachers’ educational background (those who have educated in tefl in comparison to those who have educated in literature) may influence their beliefs and attitudes on language learning, teaching and the teaching methods they apply in their classes. on a general basis, depending on teachers’ opinion, learning process might be seen as behavioristic, inductive, inte...

this study was an attempt to investigate whether teaching critical reading strategies had any significant effect on intermediate efl learners’ vocabulary retention. to fulfill the purpose of this study, 72 male and female students within the age range of 17 to 32 years studying at farzan and farzanegan language schools in tehran at intermediate level were selected from a total number of 114 par...

drawing upon some teachings of modern literary criticism and michail bakhtin’s notion of polyphony, the article tries to compare selected iranian contemporary literary and dramatic texts. polyphony, as the potential capacity of a text to produce and reproduce meaning, gives the reader the chance of analyzing the dialogical and narrative patterns of iranian novels and dramas in a new perception....