Ex. 17 Let us call the new system L, i.e. its axioms are all propositional tautologies (Axiom 1) plus the axioms 2> (Axiom 2) and 2φ∧2ψ → 2(φ∧ψ) (Axiom 3), and the rules modus ponens and φ→ ψ 2φ→ 2ψ We have to show that for all formulas φ `K φ ⇔ `L φ. ⇒: For this direction we have to show that L derives all axioms of K and all its rules. Axiom 1 of K is the same as Axiom 1 in L, thus we have no...

§9.1 The Axiom of Choice We come now to the most important part of set theory for other branches of mathematics. Although infinite set theory is technically the foundation for all mathematics, in practice it is perfectly valid for a mathematician to ignore it – with two exceptions. Of course most of the basic set constructions as outlined in chapter 2 (unions, intersections, cartesian products,...

The uniequness theorem for the Tsallis entropy by introducing the generalized Faddeev’s axiom is proven. Our result improves the recent result, the uniqueness theorem for Tsallis entropy by the generalized Shannon-Khinchin’s axiom in [7], in the sence that our axiom is simpler than his one, as similar that Faddeev’s axiom is simpler than Shannon-Khinchin’s one.

In this article, I draw attention to the value of community in John Mbiti’s philosophy using his famous axiom by reconciling tension between individual and envisages. To do this, offer a reconstruction communitarian axiom: “I am because we are; since are, therefore am.” Mbiti is considered one forerunners debate African philosophy. His axiom, which describes idea Afro-communitarianism, accounts...

We study a standard model of exchange economies with individual endowments. It is well known that no rule is individually rational, e cient, and strategyproof. In order to quantify the extent of this impossibility, we parametrize axioms on allocation rules. Given an axiom A, a parametrization of A is a continuum of axioms {δ-A}δ∈[0,1] such that (i) δ-A is equivalent to A only if δ = 1; (ii) δ-A...

We propose an axiomatization of Sergeyev’s theory of Grossone, trying to comply with his methodological principles. We find that a simplified form of his Divisibility axiom is sufficient. We use for easier readability a second order language and a predicative second order logic. Our theory is not finitely axiomatizable and is a conservative extension of Peano’s arithmetic.

Under Martin’s Axiom a c.c.c. nonseparable compact space is constructed which maps continuously into [0, 1] with linear fibers. Such a space can not, for instance, map onto [0, 1]א1 .

We show that several logics of common belief and common knowledge are not only complete, but also strongly complete, hence compact. These logics involve a weakened monotonicity axiom, and no other restriction on individual belief. The semantics is of the ordinary fixed-point type.

The theory of finitary biframes as order-theoretical duals bitopological spaces is explored. category a coreflective subcategory that biframes. Some the advantages adopting pointfree notion bispaces are studied. In particular, it shown for every biframe there which plays role analogue to assembly in frames: L A(L) with universal property analogous frame; and such its main component isomorphic o...