In this paper a robust fractional order PID (FOPID) controller is proposed to control the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system, tuning of gains are done using whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and integral time absolute error (ITAE) cost function adopted achieve an efficient performance. The transient analysis was compared with conventional in terms overshoot, settling time, rise peak expl...

Aortic valve replacement (AVR) therapy is clear in symptomatic AS patients, because it improves symptoms, LV function and survival. However, the indications for AVR in asymptomatic patients with severe AS are vague and the subject of ongoing debate. There are observational data that early AVR leads to favorable outcome compared to late (after symptom onset) surgery. Having in mind that operativ...

A recent model of volume and solute microcirculatory exchange in the renal medulla based on a single descending vasa rectum (DVR) was extended to account for the varying number of vessels along the corticomedullary axis. The assumption that concentration polarization at the walls of ascending vasa recta (AVR) during volume uptake eliminates transmural oncotic pressure gradients was examined. In...

BACKGROUND Regression of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with normalization of diastolic function has been reported in patients with aortic stenosis late after aortic valve replacement (AVR). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of AVR on LV function and structure in chronic aortic regurgitation early and late after AVR. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-six patients were in...

INTRODUCTION Recently, the prognostic value of ST segment elevation in lead aVR in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its relationship with significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LMCAS) and three-vessel disease have been highlighted. AIM Analysis of the relationship between ST segment elevation observed in aVR lead and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patient...

Abstract— This article investigates the performance of the generator excitation loop equipped with a PID controlled AVR system, and of the dam automaton consisting of a PID controlled water flow regulation system in the southern interconnected grid (SIG) of the Cameroonian power system, when subjected to small perturbations, using linearized state-space models of the power plant. A fifth order ...

AIMS The pathophysiology underlying aortic valve stenosis (AVS)-induced cardiac dysfunction and reduced exercise capacity is unclear. We hypothesize that improvement of myocardial external efficiency (MEE)--the ratio between external work and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2)--underlies functional improvement of AVS patients after aortic valve replacement (AVR). Therefore, the aim of this pr...

BACKGROUND Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is the standard of care for patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis who are suitable surgical candidates, benefiting both non-high-risk and high-risk patients. The purpose of this study was to report long-term medical resource use and costs for patients following AVR and validate our assumption that high-risk patients have worse outcomes and a...

Literature survey shows that generally studies are made assuming the fact that there is no interaction between LFC and AVR loops. But the Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) and Load Frequency Control (LFC) loops are not in truest sense non-interacting. Practically, during dynamic perturbations some interactions between these two control loops exist. Interaction exists in opposite direction of t...

controller design and optimization problems, with more than one objective, are referred as multiple objectives or multiple attributed problems. in this paper, a novel method is proposed for designing optimum pid controller that is called genetic multiple attributed decision making method (gmadm). this method is newer than the previous methods and in this paper some options are considered that h...