time, aspect, person, number and active and middle voices are the categories based on which the verbal structure of the ancient iranian languages are studied. according to the prevailing viewpoint, middle voice is the means by which a transitive root is changed to an intransitive one. this viewpoint has its origin in the verbal roots transitive when conjugated in the active voice and intransiti...

time, aspect, person, number and active and middle voices are the categories based on which the verbal structure of the ancient iranian languages are studied. according to the prevailing viewpoint, middle voice is the means by which to change a transitive root to an intransitive. this viewpoint has had its origin in the verbal roots transitive when conjugated in the active voice and intransitiv...

In this article, the aim of the authors is to study the role of repetition in creating music and parallelism in Nimayee poems in the three collections of poems by Mehdi Akhavan Sales: Zamestan, Akhere Shahname and Az Avesta. Accordingly, the researchers have investigated the various manners of repetition in creating parallelism in the poems at three levels: phonological parallelism, lexical par...

Dear Editor Symbols are powerful images which, in one pictogram, contain a host of associated ideas or cultural myths. Today as a medical symbol, the rod of Asclepius with its entwined single serpent has been universally adopted, although this was originally a symbol representing Asclepius, the Greek god of medicine, from around the 6th century B.C.E. The Caduceus of the Roman god Mercury (the ...

abstractbeing present for centuries, myths are our ancestors’ heritage that continues to reverberate in man’s unconscious mind. they contain symbols, frequently reflected in a variety of forms in literary and art works of different eras.using these symbols for depicting a panoramic world will connect myths –which are often about supernatural incidences- to mysticism –which illustrates the unsee...

a survey and analysis of the ancient iranian religion calls for a profound familiarity with the elamite religion and its gods. elamite beliefs played an important role in forming the iranian religion between the 4th millennium bc and the advent of the indo-iranians on the iranian plateau. in this paper, we examine the elamite religious background and the major gods and goddesses that were worsh...

introduction        gāthic texts are a collection of religious songs of zarothustra who lived about 1200 bc. of the seventy two hāts (stanzas) of yasna (one of the five chapters of avesta), seventeen hāts belong to five gāthas. these seventeen hāts have been classified into five categories based on their syllabic meter and the number of the song: 1) ahunavaiti, 2) ushtavaiti, 3)spanta.mainyu, ...

zoroastrian’s purification rituals are one of the most visible aspects of zoroastrianism that root in the avesta’s texts. but it seems that these customs which were considered as a preservative of human communities from harm and evil diseases in the pre-zoroastrian period, have been changed after that period of time and their joining to the religious teachings of zoroasterian. in this paper, at...