In this study, a precursor for carbon nanofibers (CNF) was fabricated via electrospinning and carbonized through a thermal process. Before carbonization, oxidative stabilization should be applied, and the oxidation mechanism also plays an important role during carbonization. Thus, the understanding of the oxidation mechanism is an essential part of the production of CNF. The oxidation process o...

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PURPOSE Mechanical properties, as the inherent characteristics of cells, play a critical role in many essential physiological processes, including cell differentiation, migration, and growth. The mechanical properties of cells are one of the criteria that help to determine whether the tissue contains lesions at the single cell level, and it is very important for the early prevention and accurat...

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has revolutionised high resolution imaging of a wide range of samples. With the introduction of atomic force microscopy (AFM) high resolution images can be obtained without the need for the sample to be placed in a vacuum chamber. Furthermore, modern AFM systems are capable of producing high quality images of samples immersed in a wide range of liquids. Atomic Fo...

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a member of the family of Scanning Probe Microscopy, together with the Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) and the Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM). Unlike them, however, it is also a descendent of a popular instrument from the pre-superresolution era, the Stylus Profilometer (SP). The probe tip in the AFM is analogous to the stylus in the SP, with ...

The basic principles of atomic force microscopy are discussed. Various deflection sensors are described and compared with each other. A simple theoretical basis of the fundamental forces, such as van der Waals, electrostatic, magnetic, capillary, ionic repulsion and frictional forces, is given and the relevant experimental work is summarized.

Combining the nanoscopic and macroscopic worlds is a serious challenge common to numerous scientific fields, from physics to biology. In this paper, we demonstrate nanometric resolution over a millimeter range by means of atomic-force microscopy using metrological stage. Nanometric repeatability and millimeter range open up the possibility of probing components and materials combining multiscal...

Applications of state-of-the-art atomic force microscopy methods to the elucidation of the surface and near-surface structure of polymeric solids are described. Contact, tapping, force modulation, frictional force, and other modes of atomic force microscopy are described, and recent results are summarized. Conformational and chain order, crystalline order, polymer crystals, lamellar structures,...

a-Fe2O3 nanowires (NWs) were formed by the thermal oxidation of an iron film in air at 350 C for 10 h. The rhombohedral structure of the a-Fe2O3 NWs was grown vertically on the substrate with diameters of 8–25 nm and lengths of several hundred nm. It was found that the population density of the NWs per unit area (DNWs) can be varied by the film thickness. The thicker the iron film, the more NWs...

the effect of temperature variation on the growth of carbon nanotubes (cnts) using thermal chemical vapor deposition (tcvd) is presented. nickel and cobalt (ni-co) thin films on silicon (si) substrates were used as catalysts in tcvd technique. acetylene gas was used in cnts growth process at the controlled temperature ranges from 850-1000 ̊ c. catalysts and cnts characterization was carried out ...