2-Amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1) binds covalently to DNA after metabolic activation to give 2-(C8-guanyl)amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Gua-Glu-P-1). The importance of the intercalative ability of the Glu-P-1 skeleton into DNA base pairs for this reaction is emphasized. The reactive form of Glu-P-1, N-acetoxy-Glu-P-1 (N-OAc-Glu-P-1), reacts preferentia...

bread-making quality in hexaploeid wheat is a complex trait for breeding programs. high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) have an important effect on dough stability and elasticity. the glu-1 loci that are encoded these subunits are located on the long arms of group-1 homologues chromosomes of the a, b and d genomes. in this work we used pcr-based dna markers to distinguish wheat brea...

Complexes of glutamic acid (Glu) cationized with Zn2+ and Cd2+ were examined by infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) action spectroscopy using light generated from a free electron laser. Complexes of deprotonated Glu with Zn2+, [Zn(Glu-H)ACN]+ (where ACN = acetonitrile, CH3CN), and intact Glu with CdCl+, CdCl+(Glu) were formed. Notably, photodissociation induces Glu fragmentation rathe...

high molecular weight (hmw) subunits of wheat glutenin are generally considered as playing a key role in gluten formation and structure, as well as to be closely related to wheat quality. the endosperm storage proteins of 80 synthetic lines and wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum) were fractionated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine their high-molecula...

The Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) neurotransmitter systems are implicated in depression. While previous studies found reduced GABA levels, a tendency towards Glu, using proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), little is known about GABAA receptor availability Here, the aim was to characterize Glu-levels dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), whole-brain avail...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus associated with serious diseases in immunocompromised subjects. The region between ORF UL133 and UL151 from HCMV, named ULb' is frequently deleted in attenuated AD169 and in highly passaged laboratory strains. However, this region is conserved in low-passaged and more virulent HCMV, like the Toledo strain. The UL146 gene, which is located in the ULb...

AIMS To investigate the effect of Glu-3 OXM-like analogues on food intake and bodyweight in male rats. BACKGROUND Oxyntomodulin (OXM) is a natural agonist at both the glucagon receptor (GCGr) and the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1r), and peripheral administration reduces food intake and increases energy expenditure in rodents and humans. Substituting the native glutamine (Gln) at ami...

Low molecular weight glutenin subunit is one of the important quality elements in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although considerable allelic variation has been identified, the functional properties of individual alleles at Glu-3 loci are less studied. In this work, we performed the first comprehensive study on the molecular characteristics and functional properties of the Glu-B3h gene using th...

BACKGROUND L-Glutamate (Glu) is a major amino acid in milk and postweaning diets for mammals (including pigs and human infants). However, effects of Glu on intestinal mucosal barrier and antioxidative functions are unknown. OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that Glu may enhance the barrier function of intestinal porcine epithelial cell line 1 (IPEC-1) cells by upregulating the expres...

Neither expression nor functionality is clear in peripheral tissues with the molecular machineries required for excitatory neurotransmitter signaling by L-glutamate (Glu) in the central nervous system, while a recent study has shown that several Glu receptors are functionally expressed in the rat testis. This fact prompted us to explore the possible functional expression in the rat testis of th...