Leveraging quantum mechanics, cryptographers have devised provably secure key sharing protocols[4], [3], [6], [17]. Despite proving the security in theory, real-world application falls short of the ideal. Last year, cryptanalysts completed an experiment demonstrating a successful eavesdropping attack on commercial quantum key distribution (QKD) systems[12]. This attack exploits a weakness in th...

Empirical studies have shown that the size distribution of firms can be described as a lognormal or Pareto distribution. However, these studies have focused on developed countries and little attention has been devoted to developing countries. Using the variable of number of employees as a measure of firm size, this paper investigates the shape of firm size distribution in the food & beverages i...

This paper proposed a new general probabilistic multi-item, single-source inventory model with varying mixture shortage cost under two restrictions. One of them is on the expected varying backorder cost and the other is on the expected varying lost sales cost. This model is formulated to analyze how the firm can deduce the optimal order quantity and the optimal reorder point for each item to re...

This paper explores whether home buyers are inattentive to future energy costs. I exploit variation in energy costs in the form of fuel price changes in Massachusetts where there is significant overlap in the geographic and age distributions of oil-heated and gas-heated homes. I find that relative fuel price shifts cause relative changes in housing transaction prices consistent with full capita...

We study the dynamics of excitable integrate-and-fire neurons in a small-world network. At low densities p of directed random connections, a localized transient stimulus results either in self-sustained persistent activity or in a brief transient followed by failure. Averages over the quenched ensemble reveal that the probability of failure changes from 0 to 1 over a narrow range in p; this fai...

In this paper, weakly homogeneous generalized functions in the special Colombeau algebras are determined up to equality in the sense of generalized distributions. This yields characterizations that are formally similar to distribution theory. Further, we give several characterizations of equality in the sense of generalized distributions in these algebras.

Let f be a C∞ function on R and P be a quadratic form defined by P (x) = P (x1, x2, · · · , xm) = x1+· · ·+xp−xp+1−· · ·−xp+q with p+q = m. In this paper, we mainly show that

As a sequel to [1], the position of the maximum in a geometrically distributed sample is investigated. Samples of length n are considered, where the maximum is required to be in the first d positions. The probability that the maximum occurs in the first d positions is sought for d dependent on n (as opposed to d fixed in [1]). Two scenarios are discussed. The first is when d = αn for 0 < α ≤ 1,...

Many authors have modeled regional earthquake interevent times using a gamma distribution, whereby data collapse occurs under a simple rescaling of the data from different regions or time periods. We show, using earthquake data and simulations, that the distribution is fundamentally a bimodal mixture distribution dominated by correlated aftershocks at short waiting times and independent events ...

The market for music products has recently been subject to dramatic forces for change. We propose a model and theoretical perspective for understanding the transformation of the market structure in the recorded music industry value chain due to new forms of digital distribution. We take into account the traditional music industry’s value chain and distribution network, and the product character...