Two tribological pairs used for artificial joints were studied. Wear tests were performed in a pin-on-disc type machine modified to allow lubrication ith bovine serum. The pins were made of either AISI F138 stainless steel or ASTM F136 titanium alloy, while the discs were manufactured with ltra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The tested pairs were ASTM F138 stainless steel–UHMWPE a...

With the increasing focus on developing environmentally benign electronic packages, Pb-free alloys have received a great deal of attention. Mishandling of packages during manufacture, assembly or by the user may cause failure of the solder joint. A fundamental understanding of the behavior of Pb-free solders under mechanical shock conditions is lacking. Reliable experimental stress–strain data ...

The influence of deicing chemicals on alkali reactivity of aggregates is still an area of active research. The potential alkali reactivity of aggregates is often tested using the ASTM C1260 method. This research used the modified ASTM C1260 to test the potential alkali reactivity of aggregates. The modification included replacing the standard 1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) used in ASTM C1260 with e...

This paper summarizes current trends in instrumental color styling, color matching and production shading of paint and factors essential to success, with particular emphasis on automotive finishes and research within ASTM and Detroit Color Council committees.

We compared the electrophysiological correlates for the maintenance of non-musical tones sequences in auditory short-term memory (ASTM) to those for the short-term maintenance of sequences of coloured disks held in visual short-term memory (VSTM). The visual stimuli yielded a sustained posterior contralateral negativity (SPCN), suggesting that the maintenance of sequences of coloured stimuli en...

Health care provides many opportunities in which the sharing of data between independent sites is highly desirable. Several standards are required to produce the functional and semantic interoperability necessary to support the exchange of such data: a common reference information model, a common set of data elements, a common terminology, common data structures, and a common transport standard...

OBJECTIVES Extension of the standard model while retaining compliance with it is a challenging issue because there is currently no method for semantically or syntactically verifying an extended data model. A metadata-based extended model, named CCR+, was designed and implemented to achieve interoperability between standard and extended models. METHODS Furthermore, a multilayered validation me...

Since decades the evaluation of flaw indications on radiographs from welds or castings are based on well accepted reference film catalogues from organizations like IIW (weldments), ASTM (castings) or DGZfP (D5 recommendation on heavy steel castings). Today, the transformation of classical film radiography to the digital world is in full progress. Some ASTM standards do not permit the evaluation...

In an on-going effort to increase the safety and efficiency of turbine engines, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is exploring lightweight alternatives to the metal containment structures that currently encase commercial jet engines. Epoxy reinforced with braided carbon fibers is a candidate structural material which may be suitable for an engine case. This paper reports flat-co...