PURPOSE Whether either natural emmetropization or compensation for imposed spectacle lenses requires the visual system to distinguish myopic from hyperopic blur is controversial. Some have argued that the visual system need only respond to the magnitude of the blur. This study was undertaken to test whether adding large amounts of astigmatic image blur would cause myopia and interfere with comp...

BACKGROUND Intrascleral fixation of an intraocular lens (IOL) is used in eyes that lack capsular support. The aim of the study is to determine whether a larger optical diameter IOL will decrease the higher-order aberrations (HOAs) when the haptics are extended for intrascleral fixation than a smaller diameter IOL. METHODS Three-piece acrylic IOLs with 6.0 mm optics (X-60, VA-60BBR) and 7.0 mm...

We investigate the transformation of structured Laguerre–Gaussian (sLG) beams after passing through a cylindrical lens. The resulting beam, ab astigmatic (asLG) depends on quantum numbers (n,ℓ) and three parameters. Two them are control parameters initial sLG amplitude ϵ phase θ. third one is ratio Rayleigh length z0 focal f It was theoretically revealed experimentally confirmed that asLG beam ...

T he treatment of moderate to high astigmatism is challenging for the refractive surgeon. Even in experienced hands, 40% of patients who undergo penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) are left with more than 4.00 D of astigmatism.1 Spectacles, contact lenses, excimer laser ablation, toric IOLs, and tissue-relaxing procedures have been used for a long time in the treatment of preexisting and postsurgica...

The propagation of light beams through astigmatic lens systems is accompanied by a transfer of orbital angular momentum. We develop a method to describe propagating light beams by operators of which the field is an eigenfunction. This method is applied to determine when an astigmatic lens system transforms gaussian beams into other gaussian beams and where in the system angular momentum is tran...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to compare the magnitude and axis of astigmatism induced by a combined inferior oblique (IO) anterior transposition procedure with lateral rectus (LR) recession versus LR recession alone. METHODS Forty-six patients were retrospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into two groups: those having concurrent inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) and...