Background: Mild eye signs, especially itchiness and grittiness of the eyelids and upper eyelid retraction (UER), are found in about 25% of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) in whom antibodies against calsequestrin and flavoprotein (Fp) are often detected. The role of T lymphocyte reactivity against eye muscle antigens in patients with thyroiditis has not been investigated. Methods: We...

A 70-year-old man with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy showed inflammatory swelling of the left inferior oblique muscle that was significantly improved by steroid pulse therapy and radiotherapy. Sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance images were useful to detect the lesion and to evaluate the effects of treatment.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The prevalence of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) varies widely in different ethnic groups. Indians have been reported to have a lower prevalence of Graves' ophthalmopathy as compared to Caucasians of European origin, but data are sparse and inconclusive. We studied the prevalence, clinical features and association of GO in Indian patients with Graves' disease attending a re...

PURPOSE To assess the self-esteem of Graves' ophthalmopathy patients in the inactive phase. METHODS Thirty euthyroid patients were evaluated in the inactive phase of disease with age ranging from 26 to 65 years, average of 43 +/- 11,0 years, called study group and 39 individuals without Graves' ophthalmopathy with age ranging from 18 to 67 years, average of 41 +/- 13,4 years, selected from th...

Graves' ophthalmopathy is an debilitating disease impairing the quality of life of affected individuals. Despite recent progress in the understanding of its pathogenesis, treatment is often not satisfactory. In mild cases, local therapeutic measures (artificial tears and ointments, sunglasses, nocturnal taping of the eyes, prisms) can control symptoms and signs. In severe forms of the disease (...