It is widely considered that the continued development and production of Alberta’s oil sands deposits is on track to be the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Canada over the next few decades. As recent developments suggest, failure to address the issue of GHG emissions growth might jeopardize the potential for sustained expansion of oil sands operations in Alberta. Wit...

Solvent–steam mixture is a key factor in controlling the economic efficiency of the solvent-aided thermal injection process for producing bitumen in a highly viscous oil sands reservoir. This paper depicts a strategy to quickly provide trade-off operating conditions of the Expanding Solvent–Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (ES-SAGD) process based on Pareto-optimality. Response surface models are...

In adult cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, vacuum assisted venous drainage has become a popular technique to augment venous return to the bypass circuit. The application of this technique in neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass surgery could be beneficial to the further miniaturization of neonatal circuitry by coupling radical respositioning of the oxygenator and pump console with decreasing line leng...

this investigation presents the effect of various parameters on foam stability and its rheological properties. the underlying idea of this experiment is generating of drilling foam with uniform bubbles. the main problem of foam using is controlling its stability during field application. the most important parameters which cause instability in foam are gravity drainage, gas diffusion and bubble...

BACKGROUND Active-assistive range of motion exercises to gain shoulder elevation have been subdivided into gravity-minimized and upright-assisted exercises, yet no study has evaluated differences in muscular demands. HYPOTHESIS Compared with gravity-minimized exercises, upright-assisted exercises will generate larger electromyographic (EMG) activity. Compared with all active-assistive exercis...

It is necessary to establish effective communication between two horizontal wells during the preheating period of steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD). However, time usually very long, which results in high steam consumption and CO2 emissions. There little research on effects different wellbore fluids period. The heat transfer heating characteristics fluids–water, heat-conduction oil, air–wer...

During drainage, as a voxel of porous material is being actively invaded prior to percolation, the invading nonwetting fluid cannot be transmitted neighboring downstream until critical saturation (Snc) reached. This occurs when forms percolating path across voxel. We present novel laboratory observations gravitationally stable, air/water drainage in thin bead packs, with 2D fields monitored at ...