theft is considered to be one of the most ancient crimes against properties and ownership to which human societies have engaged for a very long time. this crime has been intensively punished every time and everywhere and the people who committed such a crime have been treated with many kinds of heavy punishments. in any case, in many law systems theft from relatives is treated in a friendly way...

Background: Nowadays, drug crimes have been recognized as one of the criminal acts whose effects generally affect the community, so in order to have a fair trial, the principle of innocence was considered in the process of investigating drug crimes. Given the rule of ethics over the law and their two-way relationship, it is necessary to have special requirements governing the institution of cri...

Asians, Native Hawaiians, and other Pacific Islanders were victims of approximately 105,000 nonfatal violent crimes (rape, sexual assault, aggravated assault, and simple assault) on average per year between 2002 and 2006. An average of about 471,000 property crimes (household burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft) were committed against Asian, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islander hous...

This paper examines the impact of being a victim of violent or property crime on labour market outcomes and general well-being using longitudinal data from the nationally representative Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia (HILDA) survey. We estimate fixed effects regression models that examine changes in outcomes for individuals before/after victimisation relative to changes in ou...

In the 1990s, while there was a large decline in property-related crime along the U.S.Mexico border, violent crime rates began to converge to the national average. At the same time, legal and illegal immigration from Mexico surged and border enforcement rose to unprecedented levels. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between border county crime rates, immigration and enforcement sin...

Thieves, Thugs, and Neighborhood Poverty This paper develops a model of crime analyzing how such behavior is associated with individual and neighborhood poverty. The model shows that even under relatively minimal assumptions, a connection between individual poverty and both property and violent crimes will arise, and moreover, “neighborhood” effects can develop, but will differ substantially in...

Tobacco shops, medical marijuana dispensaries (MMD), and off-sale alcohol outlets are legal and prevalent in South Los Angeles, California-a high-crime, low-income urban community of color. This research is the first to explore the geographic associations between these three legal drug outlets with surrounding crime and violence in a large low-income urban community of color. First, spatial buf...