all political institutions should obey public law and be legitimated by the mass. in this article there is a conceptual differentiation between »protecting political system theory «(p.p.s.t) and »public law«, and others  referring to the islamic principles try give an answer to these question: what is the relationship between protecting political system duty and necessity of practicing »public ...

We estimated the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Islamic Republic of Iran by systematic review of all available studies in the country between 1996 and 2004 and aggregation of the data using meta-analysis and meta-regression methods. In those > 40 years the prevalence was 24% and it increased by 0.4% with each year after 20 years of age. The risk of type 2 diabetes was 1.7% greater in wome...

This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken to describe the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors in elderly people in Amirkola, Islamic Republic of Iran. A total of 1019 people aged 60+ years were assessed using a standard questionnaire and a review of medical records. The most common chronic diseases were cardiovascular disease (29.5%), digestive disorders (2...

Dental students should have knowledge of geriatric dental care and positive attitudes toward elderly patients. This study assessed senior dental students' knowledge of geriatric dental care and their attitude towards elderly patients. A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on volunteer senior students in all dental schools (n = 512) in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The...

A 2-month community-based survey in February/March of 2003 was carried out to study the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Nahavand, Islamic Republic of Iran. From each of 6 urban regions of Nahavand, 304 inhabitants > or = 6 years were recruited through systematic random sampling (total 1824). Participants were tested for anti-HEV IgG using ELISA. The overall seroprevalence...

This descriptive study determined the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity among 752 high-school girls aged 14-18 years in Sistan va Baluchistan province, Islamic Republic of Iran. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention body mass index percentiles, the prevalences of underweight, overweight and obesity were 16.2%, 8.6% and 1.5% respectively. These rates were similar t...

In Islam, marriage is the best answer to all natural and psychic needs of human beings. So marriage is one of the preferences that Divine and Heaven justifies it. According to the Islamic legal: A man can afford four spouses if he could act under Shariat and Justice behavior. Mohammad (pbuh) the prophet of Islamic once mentioned in his teaching that marriage is one of perfect tradition. Thus m...

Zambia's record of democracy in the 1990s has been much criticized, at home and abroad. The government of the ruling party, the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD) has been accused of perpetuating the hallmarks of the de jure one-party state of the Second Republic (1972-91). Critics claim that one-party dominance by the MMD under President Chiluba's leadership has almost returned the count...