Background: There has been an increase in demand for cosmetic skin-whitening products with efficacy toward lightening skin tone. β-arbutin is inhibitor of tyrosinase enzyme activity within the skin’s melanocytes, and so shown considerable promise as a skin-lightening agent. It is, however, both hydrophilic hygroscopic, which hinders its penetration to reach these melanocytes. Chitosan (CS) poss...

with regard to the importance of antioxidants in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutics, there are several studies on natural resources for finding rich sources of antioxidants and their role in protecting the body against oxidative stress injuries. the purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant stability of arbutin and the pyrus boissieriana buhse leaf extract and their effects on li...

We examined the effect of 31 carbohydrates on the growth of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. Arbutin and its breakdown product, hydroquinone, inhibited growth of both species; the other substrates did not alter the extent of growth. Volatile and nonvolatile end products of carbohydrate metabolism were not detected by gas chromatography.

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Alpha arbutin is a skin-whitening agent in cosmetics. Structurally, it 4-hydroxyphenyl-α-glucopyranoside. Ethosomes encourage the formation of lamellar-shaped vesicles with improved solubility and entrapment whitening agents. The objective this study was to fabricate an optimized nanostructured ethosomal gel loaded alpha for treatment skin pigmentation.Different suspensions were prepared by col...

The characterization and quantification of phenolic compounds in bearberry leaves were performed using hyphenated ion mobility spectroscopy (IMS) a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. A higher identification confidence level was obtained by comparing the measured collision cross section (TWCCSN2) with predicted values machine learning algorithm. total 88 identified, including 14 arbuti...

From the aerial parts of Salvia mexicana var. mexicana, two C-10 epimers (α and β) of salvimexicanolide were isolated. Our interpretation of the data, especially the 13C NMR, led us to conclude that the previously described 13C-NMR spectrum of the α-epimer was not accurately assigned and it actually corresponds to the β-epimer. The structures proposed for the salvimexicanolides were verified by...