This research aims to identify the common errors in reading Arabic texts among students and their causes. As for method, researcher used a descriptive analytical method. Observation, interview, documentation were collect data. After carried out scientific research, I found that mistakes of learner are divided into two types, namely, grammatical morphological errors. Grammatical most frequent te...

This study explored the effect of input vs. collaborative output tasks on Iranian EFL learners’ grammatical accuracy and their willingness to communicate (WTC). In so doing, the study utilized 3 input (i.e., textual enhancement, processing instruction, and discourse) and 3 collaborative output (i.e., dictogloss, reconstruction cloze task, and jigsaw) tasks and compared their effects on 5 Englis...

Research on numerical cognition suggests a strong link between mental representations of space and quantity. The SNARC effect (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes effect) is characterized by the association of small quantities with left space and large quantities with right space. While the majority of research on the spatial representation of number has been on number words or Arab...

This quasi-experimental study investigated the effects of input-enhancement and production of sentences, containing the target structures, on learning grammar by Iranian Intermediate EFL learners. Sixty male students in three input, output, and control groups participated in the study. After checking the homogeneity of the participants with a proficiency test, the researchers administered a pre...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of textual enhancement types on English as Foreign Language ( EFL ) learn er s ’ grammatical awareness of simple and complex structures. A nu m- ber of 104 learners from Ayandegan Institute, in Tehran, participated in this study. To homogenize the samples, the researchers administered a placement Michigan Test of English language to the p...

Translation is a wonderful area of study especially the literary one. Unlike other kinds renditions, translation needs lot cognitive processing on part translators in that selecting one multi grammatical forms available Arabic not as easy cake considering implied meaning syntactic or morphological structure suggests. It could be stated main problem this research and structures how decide which ...

new insights with which to account for certain linguistic We describe a prototype SK~RED CmAt~eAR for the syntax of simple nominal expressions in Arabic, E~IL~lx, French, German, and Japanese implemented at MCC. In this Oamm~', a complex inheritance ian/cc of shared gr~mmAtlcal templates provides pans that each language can put together to form lansuug~specific gramm-ti~tl templates. We conclud...

In this work, we present a tagging system which classifies the words in a non-vocalized Arabic text to their tags. The proposed tagging system passes through three levels of analysis. The first level is a lexical analyzer that composed of a lexicon containing all fixed words and particles such as prepositions and pronouns. The second level is a morphological analyzer which relies on word struct...