As a specific type of landscape and aquifer, karst is developed in soluble carbonate evaporitic rocks great importance for humanity. It covers more than 15% Earth’s ice-free land its aquifers provide about 10% the world population’s drinking water. However, general, not adequately supported by monitoring. Due to very dynamic regimes, many countries, monitoring networks their technology must be ...

Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into freshwater aquifers originally caused by groundwater extraction near the coast, has long been recognised as a major concern around the world. In this study, we employed geophysical and geochemical techniques to map and provide evidences that the coastal aquifers in the study area have been intruded b...

Agricultural and urban runoffs may be major sources of pollution of water bodies and major sources of bacteria affecting the quality of drinking water. Of the different pathways by which bacterial pathogens can enter drinking water, this one has received little attention to date; that is, because soils are often considered to be near perfect filters for the transport of bacterial pathogens thro...

Many small communities depend on groundwater sources for drinking water and they often use septic tanks for wastewater treatment and disposal. Nitrate and other pollutants leaking from poorly designed septic tank systems can percolate to the aquifers and alter quality of the groundwater. This study describes a groundwater model developed using Visual MODFLOW for an aquifer that is used as a wat...

COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS From the dawn of civilization until slightly over a century ago, the sole form of irrigation was subsurface. Water was allowed to enter a planted field, and then drained. From Mesopotamia to the Nile Valley to the plains of India, food supplies were irrigated by drainage ditches and natural flooding. Surface water from accumulated rain or snow was the only water source. ...

The hydrogeological processes driving the hydrochemical composition of groundwater in alpine pristine aquifer system Port del Comte Massif (PCM) are characterized through multivariate statistical techniques Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) framework Compositional Data (CoDa) analysis. Also, Natural Background Levels (NBLs) for NO3 SO4 Cl evaluated, which spec...

Background of the Arsenic Crisis The groundwater pollution caused by arsenic (please see Box 1) in a number of Asian countries has led to a major environmental crisis. Some recent estimates indicate that more than 35 million people in West Bengal (India), Nepal and Bangladesh are potentially at risk from drinking arsenic-contaminated water (Smith et al., 2000). The crisis has its roots in anoth...

This study represents the first investigation of microbiological groundwater pollution as a function of aquifer type and season for the Apulia region of southern Italy. Two hundred and seven wells were randomly selected from those monitored by the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection for emergency use. Both compulsory (Escherichia coli, Total Coliform, and Enterococci) and optional (Pse...

Colloids may have an important role in regulating the structure and function of groundwater ecosystems, and may influence the migration of low solubility contaminants in groundwater. There is, however, a degree of uncertainty about how colloids behave under the variable hydrogeochemical and hydrodynamic conditions that occur during managed aquifer recharge. We used an online monitoring system t...

due to extension of human life consumer, groundwater resources in recent decades have been increasingly intruded by contaminants. nowadays, the great challenges facing engineers and experts are groundwater protection against contamination inputs and reduction of specific pollutants of these resources. therefore, monitoring and evaluation of aquifer with a view to quantity and quality can play a...