OBJECTIVE To evaluate the literature on the effectiveness of aquatic exercise in relieving pain in adults with neurologic or musculoskeletal disease. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search of 14 databases was examined for research on aquatic exercise over the period January 1980 to June 2006. STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included adults with neurologic or mu...

Although freshwater insects are known to accumulate trace metals in the laboratory from both water and food, the relative importance of metal sources for these animals, as well as the rate at which they take up and eliminate their metal, has not been measured in nature. We describe a novel in situ approach that allowed us to determine that trophic transfer is the main source of cadmium for larv...

Vibrio navarrensis is an aquatic bacterium recently shown to be associated with human illness. We report the first genome sequences of three V. navarrensis strains obtained from clinical and environmental sources. Preliminary analyses of the sequences reveal that V. navarrensis contains genes commonly associated with virulence in other human pathogens.

The effect of incubation time on most-probable-number estimates of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria was investigated by using waters, rooted aquatic plants, sediments, and slimes as inoculum sources. Maximum most probable numbers of the NH4+-oxidizing group were attained in 20 to 55 days (median, 25). Estimates of NO2-oxidizers were highest at termination (103 to 113) days.

There are four main sources of aquatic pollution: industrial wastes, municipal wastes, agricultural run-off, and accidental spillage. Non-point sources, such as automobile exhausts, add appreciable amounts of pollutants to air that may enter aquatic systems in rainfall or dry fall-out. These sources add pesticides, heavy metals, oil, petroleum products, and a large number of organic and inorgan...

Due to the widespread use and durability of synthetic polymers, plastic debris occurs in the environment worldwide. In the present work, information on sources and fate of microplastic particles in the aquatic and terrestrial environment, and on their uptake and effects, mainly in aquatic organisms, is reviewed. Microplastics in the environment originate from a variety of sources. Quantitative ...

Human health and aquatic animal health are organically related at three distinct interfaces. Aquatic animals serve as important contributors to the nutritional protein, lipid, and vitamin requirements of humans; as carriers and transmitters of many infectious and parasitic diseases to which humans are susceptible; and as indicators of toxic and carcinogenic substances that they can convey, in s...

: heavy metals are chemical pollutants characterized by their toxicity, stability, bioaccumulation and biomagnification. they might accumulate in aquatic organisms, transfer through food chain and enter into human body. therefore, the study of their accumulation in the edible aquatic species has been a very important part of ecological and monitoring investigations. astacus leptodactylus is a b...

128 Semi-aquatic wildlife species have been important sentinels of environmental health and remain important biomonitors concerning emerging contaminant issues. The semi-aquatic wildlife of the Laurentian Great Lakes (LGL) has led the way in this regard and continues to do so. This is because the LGL and associated land mass possess a set of unique characteristics that make it an ideal laborato...

BACKGROUND Naegleria spp. is a free-living amoeba of which some species including N. fowleri and N. australeinsis are highly pathogenic in human and animals. These widespread amoebae could be found in different environmental sources particularly in aquatic resources of tropical and subtropical regions. The most important source of infection is via recreational water contact. Due to the lack of ...