Recent archaeological discoveries have revealed that pigment use, beads, engravings, and sophisticated stone and bone tools were already present in southern Africa 75,000 y ago. Many of these artifacts disappeared by 60,000 y ago, suggesting that modern behavior appeared in the past and was subsequently lost before becoming firmly established. Most archaeologists think that San hunter-gatherer ...

Learning objectives Discuss the role and benefits of MRI in planning for brachytherapy treatment in cervical cancer. Discuss the key mechanisms of the applicator and the technical aspects of planning brachytherapy. Discuss the role of MRI imaging in recognising the features of appropriate applicator placement and common complications. Review key MRI features of radiation-related alterations in ...

Background: The dose rate distribution delivered by a low dose rate 137Cs pellet source, a spherical source used within the source trains of the Selectron gynecological brachytherapy system, was investigated using the MCNP4C Monte Carlo code. Materials and Methods: The calculations were performed in both water and Plexiglas and the absolute dose rate distribution for a single pellet s...

The bone mimarrow donors were professional blood donors with normal hematological findings dIl(l negative physical examinations whose red cells showed more than 80 per cent sickling vImen appropriately exatimined. l’he imiethod of obtaining an(l processing the bone imiarrow was essentially that descril)ed by ‘lhoiiias, Lochte and Ferrebee.’ The recipients were 1)atients with neoplastic disease ...

Dear Editor, I read with great interest the article authored by Dr. Leelavathi Basava et al. titled ‘‘Falope Ring or Modified Pomeroy’s Technique for Concurrent Tubal Sterilization ‘‘published in your (September–October 2016) 66 (S!): S198–S201. I would like to congratulate the authors for an excellent study in the search of a method for female sterilization technique, which is quicker and easi...

In intracavitary radiotherapy (ICRT) for cancer cervix, applicator geometry has the potential to impact the doses to organs at risk (OARs) and the coverage of the target volume. At our centre two Varian made Fletcher-style applicator sets, namely defined (fixed) geometry and flexible geometry, are used for ICRT. In the present work, the two types of applicators were compared dosimetrically as p...

PURPOSE To investigate the dosimetric results and first clinical experiences with a new designed balloon applicator with adjustable catheters for endoluminal brachytherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer not undergoing surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS The applicator consists of an inflatable rectal balloon with six attached Foley catheters used as guidance for the inserted brach...

BACKGROUND Optimal applicator insertion is a precondition for the success of cervix cancer brachytherapy (BT). We aimed to assess feasibility and efficacy of MRI-assisted pre-planning, based on applicator insertion in para-cervical anaesthesia (PCA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Five days prior to BT, the pre-planning procedure was performed in 18 cervix cancer patients: tandem-ring applicator was in...