introduction: for a successful root canal treatment, canal must be obturated apically, coronally and laterally to prevent microleakage and canal reinfection. cold lateral condensation is the most popular method of canal obturation; an easy method with a controlled filling. cold lateral technique disadvantages are presence of void, possible vertical root fracture, and absence of a homogenous and...

background and aims. during root canal preparation, debris extruded beyond the apical foramen may result in periapical inflammation and postoperative pain. to date no root canal preparation method has been developed that extrudes no periapical debris. the purpose of this study was to identify a system leading to minimal extrusion of debris from the apical foramen. the study was conducted to com...

introduction: the effect of apical patency on apical seal is very important in canal preparation. the effect of apical patency on seal of this area was evaluated in this study. methods and materials: in this experimental in vitro study, 90 single rooted mature intact human teeth were cut at cej and were divided in two test groups with 40 each and two control groups with 5 each. canal preparatio...

background: the aim of this study was to evaluate apical transportation and centering ability of single-fi le instruments, waveone primary, with full rotation versus reciprocation movement using cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) analysis in curved mesiobuccal (mb) root canal of human mandibular molars. materials and methods: thirty mb canals of mandibular molars were randomly divided into tw...

introduction: due to the importance of apical transportation during root canal preparation, the aim of the current study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) to assess the extent of apical transportation caused by protaper and mtwo files. methods and materials: forty extracted maxillary first molars with 19-22 mm length and 20-40 degrees of curvature were selected. the mesiobuccal ca...

introduction: we aimed to compare apical canal transportation of extracted teeth and two types of simulated resin blocks. materials and methods: mesiobuccal root of extracted maxillary molars, high hardness simulated resin blocks (knoop hardness=40) and low hardness simulated resin blocks (knoop hardness=22) were prepared with k-files using step-back technique (n=15 canals in each group). doubl...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the fracture strength of immature single-rooted teeth restored with fiber post and apical plug. Materials &Methods: In this experimental study, fifty mandibular premolars were divided into five groups. The coronal and apical portions were cut to obtain15±1 mm root lengths and cleaning &shaping were performed. Peeso reamer #4 was passed t...

Previous studies indicate that the colonic H-K-ATPase mRNA is expressed as the distal nephron. However, the exact intrarenal localization of the colonic H-K-ATPase protein is still unclear. The goal of the present study was to determine the cellular and subcellular localization of the colonic H-K-ATPase protein in the rabbit kidney. We used three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against di...