results amongst 938 stool samples, 36 were shigella spp. s. sonnei (61.1%, n = 22), which was the most common, followed by s. flexneri (27.8%, n = 10), s. boydii (8.3%, n = 3), and s. dysenteriae (2.8%, n = 1). furthermore, most shigella isolates showed resistance to amoxicillin (83.3%), tetracycline (61.1%), and co-trimoxazole (83.3%). no resistance was found against ciprofloxacin and imipenem...

BACKGROUND β-lactams resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae are an emerging problem throughout the world. Several resistance mechanisms have been reported, including expression of drug-destroying enzymes such as β-lactamases, altered drug targets such as conformational changes in PBPs, decreased bacterial permeability, and increased drug efflux. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to determine the...

Antimicrobial resistance is an important threat to international health. Therapeutic guidelines for empirical treatment of common life-threatening infections depend on available information regarding microbial aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility, but sub-Saharan Africa lacks diagnostic capacity and antimicrobial resistance surveillance. We systematically reviewed studies of antimicrobial...

In this study, species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of cultivated Pseudomonas spp. were studied in influent (INF), effluent (EFF), and marine outfall (MOut) of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The susceptibility was tested against 8 antimicrobial classes, active against Pseudomonas spp.: aminoglycosides, carbapenems, broad-spectrum cephalosporins from the 3rd and 4th generati...

conclusions multidrug resistance was significantly associated with mbl production in p. aeruginosa. early detection of mbl-producing p. aeruginosa and hospital antibiotic policy prescription helps proper antimicrobial therapy and avoidance of dissemination of these multidrug resistance isolates. background resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa is a serious concern for antimicrobial therapy, as the c...

β-Lactamases enable resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics. Pioneering work revealed that acyclic boronic acids can act as 'transition state analogue' inhibitors of nucleophilic serine enzymes, including serine-β-lactamases. Here we report biochemical and biophysical analyses revealing that cyclic boronates potently inhibit both nucleophilic serine and zinc-dependent β-lactamases by a me...

Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) exhibit resistance to antibiotic classes. The production of ESBLs (TEM-1, TEM-2, SHV-1, OXA-1) results in resistance to ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin and cephalosporins. High levels of β-lactamases leads to development of resistance to β-lactamase inhibitors. The present study deals with characterizing antimic...

Fusidic acid is a topical and systemic antimicrobial used for the treatment of staphylococcal infections in hospitals and the community. Sales of fusidic acid and resistance rates among meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) doubled between 1990 and 2001. For the following decade, fusidic acid resistance rates among isolates from Addenbrooke's Hospital (Cambridge, UK) were compared w...

conclusions: considering the low rate of ceftriaxone resistance amongst isolated pneumcocci.in this study, only ceftriaxone treatment of adult patients with invasive pneumococcal infections (other than cns infections) is sufficient; but pediatric patients and patients with cns infections should be treated with ceftriaxone and vancomycin. apparently, diminution of vancomycin use can be resulted ...